169121 20260219161517.0 doi 10.1007/s10792-026-03974-3 sideral 148226 ART-2026-148226 eng Bartol-Puyal, Francisco de Asís Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-4476-6003 Choroidal thickness changes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with hydroxychloroquine using three dimensional maps 2026 Purpose: To compare variations in choroidal thickness (CT) between patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and healthy subjects for at least one year. Methods: Cross-sectional study enrolling patients between 30 and 55 years of age with SLE and treated with HCQ for at least one year, and aged-matched healthy subjects. Exclusion criteria included any other ophthalmological disorder or previous treatment, and systemic treatment with immunosuppressive drugs or a dose of corticosteroids higher than 5 mg/d. Macular CT was measured automatically in a grid of 30 × 30 cubes using Triton swept-source optical coherence tomography (Topcon). These were merged into 25 zones (each one comprising 6 × 6 cubes). Three-dimensional (3D) CT maps were created using Microsoft Excel and mean CT values in the grid of 30 × 30 cubes. One eye of each patient was randomly selected for the study. Results: 60 patients and 54 healthy subjects were recruited. Mean age was 45.16 ± 6.43 and 43.79 ± 8.98 years (p = 0.346), respectively. Mean axial length was 23.52 ± 0.96 and 23.67 ± 0.87 mm (p = 0.137), respectively. Mean SLE duration was 125.58 ± 63.10 months, and mean duration of HCQ was 87.87 ± 52.13 months. There were no differences in intraocular pressure (p = 0.271) or spherical equivalent (p = 0.219). Choroidal zones number 9, 14, 15, 19 and 20 (central nasal locations) were thicker in SLE patients. Neither SLE duration, nor HCQ duration had any influence on CT (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Patients with SLE treated with HCQ for one or more years present higher CT values than healthy subjects. Nasal zones seem to be the most sensitive to these changes, while the other choroidal locations remain similar apparently. However, neither duration of SLE nor duration or dose of HCQ treatment seemed to have any influence on CT. Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Chacón González, María García Navarro, Damián Arias-Peso, Borja Méndez-Martínez, Silvia Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-6072-1545 Pablo, Luis Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-2389-8282 1013 646 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Cirugía Área Oftalmología 46, 1 (2026), [9 pp.] Int. ophthalmol. International Ophthalmology 0165-5701 812191 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/169121/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 1858673 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/169121/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:169121 articulos driver 2026-02-19-14:10:58 ARTICLE