000169914 001__ 169914
000169914 005__ 20260306154908.0
000169914 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1103/q75z-gk3l
000169914 0248_ $$2sideral$$a148435
000169914 037__ $$aART-2026-148435
000169914 041__ $$aeng
000169914 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-3448-9831$$aCalvo-Almazán, Irene$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000169914 245__ $$aImaging surface topography with coherent x-ray reflectivity: Theory, kinematics, and simulations
000169914 260__ $$c2026
000169914 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000169914 5203_ $$aA theoretical formalism is described for understanding coherent x-ray reflectivity (CXR) from the surface of a semi-infinite crystal having a variable surface topography, described by the height profile h(x, y). The surface topography is imaged as a complex “effective density,” obtained from the phasing and inversion of the coherent x-ray reflectivity data, measured through a rocking scan centered at a vertical momentum transfer Q0 z and a vertical range Qz. The formalism predicts that the effective density has an amplitude with a maximum located at the surface height for each position within the surface plane. The phase of the effective density has a lateral variation that is controlled by the surface height and a vertical variation that reflects a combination of the interfacial structure and specific choice of measurement conditions. This understanding enables direct observation of nanometer-scale interfacial topography, i.e., h(x, y)cs (where cs is the vertical substrate lattice parameter) with Å-scale sensitivity to surface height. Numerical simulations illustrate and confirm the theoretical results. These results show how the interpretation of the interfacial density phase obtained by CXR data inversion (i.e., surface topography with respect to a flat surface) is conceptually similar to that previously known for Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) measurements of isolated nanoparticles (i.e., lattice displacements with respect to an ideal crystal lattice). This suggests that CXR can be thought of as a form of dark field imaging with respect to the bright field BCDI approach. An implication of these results is that interfacial imaging may bypass some of the significant challenges associated with BCDI imaging of multiple particles having different orientations.
000169914 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA-FSE/E12-23R-RASMIA$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2020-115159GB-I00
000169914 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
000169914 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000169914 700__ $$aDas, Anusheela
000169914 700__ $$aSuzana, Ana F.
000169914 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-0047-1772$$aBartolomé, Fernando
000169914 700__ $$aFenter, Paul
000169914 7102_ $$12003$$2395$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Física Materia Condensa.$$cÁrea Física Materia Condensada
000169914 773__ $$g113, 7 (2026), [17 pp.]$$pPhys. Rev. B$$tPhysical Review B$$x2469-9950
000169914 8564_ $$s3536435$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/169914/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000169914 8564_ $$s3115939$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/169914/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
000169914 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:169914$$particulos$$pdriver
000169914 951__ $$a2026-03-06-14:50:23
000169914 980__ $$aARTICLE