000170003 001__ 170003
000170003 005__ 20260316092629.0
000170003 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1088/2053-1583/ae2ca1
000170003 0248_ $$2sideral$$a148561
000170003 037__ $$aART-2025-148561
000170003 041__ $$aeng
000170003 100__ $$aTillotson, Evan
000170003 245__ $$aA large interlaboratory electron diffraction study of monolayer graphene
000170003 260__ $$c2025
000170003 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000170003 5203_ $$aStandardisation of data collection and analysis is essential to enable commercialisation of 2D materials in a wide range of technologies. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) is one of the key methods for distinguishing monolayer from bilayer and few-layer graphene by comparing the 1st and 2nd order diffraction spot intensities. Yet there are many factors that can affect the reliability of data collection and interpretation, causing the measurement of monolayer samples to deviate from the literature boundary condition of I-{2 & strns;110}/I-{11 & strns;00}< 1 for monolayer graphene (1LG). Here we present the results of a large interlaboratory SAED comparison study, where 15 international laboratories measured and analysed nominally identical samples of chemical vapour deposited graphene. Large variations were observed in the measured ratios of diffraction spot intensities, with the largest variance associated with poor quality SAED data resulting from inadequate specimen handling and storage. To inform the reliable determination of monolayer thickness from SAED patterns we provide a description of best practice for specimen handling, TEM operation, data collection and analysis. This work was undertaken within VAMAS Technical Working Area 41: Graphene and related 2D materials-Project 9, the results of which have been directly incorporated into ISO/TS 21356-2 for the characterisation of graphene sheets. We find that when this methodology is followed, 1LG can be distinguished from bilayer or thicker material with high confidence where analysis of a single SAED pattern gives I-{2 & strns;110}/I-{11 & strns;00}< 1.2, even in the absence of precise specimen tilting.
000170003 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/E13-23R$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICIU/CEX2023-001286-S$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICIU/PID2023-151080NB-I00$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICIU/PRTR-C17.I1
000170003 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
000170003 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000170003 700__ $$aThornley, William
000170003 700__ $$aTalbott, William
000170003 700__ $$aEggeman, Alexander S
000170003 700__ $$aKriuchkova, Daria
000170003 700__ $$aSullivan-Allsop, Sam
000170003 700__ $$aSmith, Matt
000170003 700__ $$aLiu, Xuzhao
000170003 700__ $$aSlattery, Ashley
000170003 700__ $$aYap, Pei Lay
000170003 700__ $$aLosic, Dusan
000170003 700__ $$aXu, Zhun
000170003 700__ $$aWang, Huan
000170003 700__ $$aCiston, Jim
000170003 700__ $$aRakowski, Alexander
000170003 700__ $$aRibet, Stephanie M
000170003 700__ $$aSavitzky, Benjamin H
000170003 700__ $$aSchuster, Manfred E
000170003 700__ $$aAllen, Christopher S
000170003 700__ $$aDouglas-Henry, Danielle
000170003 700__ $$aNicolosi, Valeria
000170003 700__ $$aHerzing, Andrew
000170003 700__ $$aO’Connell, Jacques
000170003 700__ $$aOlivier, Ezra J
000170003 700__ $$aNeethling, Jan
000170003 700__ $$aZou, Yi-Chao
000170003 700__ $$aDuran, Ercin
000170003 700__ $$aCai, Rongsheng
000170003 700__ $$aNgo, Duc-The
000170003 700__ $$aGorbachev, Roman
000170003 700__ $$aHaas, Jonas
000170003 700__ $$aSchlegel, Michael
000170003 700__ $$aMeyer, Jannik
000170003 700__ $$aCenteno, Alba
000170003 700__ $$aPesquera, Amaia
000170003 700__ $$aZurutuza, Amaia
000170003 700__ $$aKang, Sungsu
000170003 700__ $$aPark, Jungwon
000170003 700__ $$aErofeev, Ivan
000170003 700__ $$aMirsaidov, Utkur
000170003 700__ $$aOphus, Colin
000170003 700__ $$aRentenberger, Christian
000170003 700__ $$aWaitz, Thomas
000170003 700__ $$aKotakoski, Jani
000170003 700__ $$aRoy, Abhijit$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000170003 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-2071-9093$$aArenal, Raul
000170003 700__ $$aPollard, Andrew J
000170003 700__ $$aHaigh, Sarah J
000170003 7102_ $$12003$$2395$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Física Materia Condensa.$$cÁrea Física Materia Condensada
000170003 773__ $$g13, 2 (2025), 025007 [17 pp.]$$p2D materials.$$t2D MATERIALS$$x2053-1583
000170003 787__ $$tThe data that support the findings of this study will be openly available following an embargo at the following URL/DOI$$tSupplementary Information available at$$tVideo 1- line profile alignment – thin line available at$$tVideo 2- line profile alignment – thick line available at$$whttps://zenodo.org/records/15639586$$whttp:// doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ae2ca1/data1$$whttp://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ae2ca1/ data2$$whttp://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ae2ca1/ data3
000170003 8564_ $$s3361965$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/170003/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000170003 8564_ $$s604353$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/170003/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
000170003 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:170003$$particulos$$pdriver
000170003 951__ $$a2026-03-16-08:16:38
000170003 980__ $$aARTICLE