Biobased Functional Ionic Liquids for a Novel Approach to Sonogashira Coupling in the Absence of Copper and External Bases

Clemente, Alberto (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Cambronero-Arregui, Jorge ; Aínsa, José A. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Pires, Elísabet (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Mayoral, José A. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Leal-Duaso, Alejandro

Resumen: We report the first use of functional renewable ionic liquids, with favorable ecotoxicological profiles toward representative microorganisms, in efficient and recoverable nanoparticle-based catalytic systems to promote copper-free Sonogashira coupling reactions in the absence of externally added bases. These systems, based on palladium nanoparticles immobilized on glycerol-derived [N201]X ionic liquids bearing basic anions, achieved the coupling of differently substituted substrates in 1 h. Contrarily, analogous ionic liquids without basic character and classic imidazolium ionic liquids ─[BMIm]PF6─ were not active for the test reaction at all, even if a large excess of an external base was added. Different product selectivities were observed, as a function of the different hydrophilic nature (and water content) of the ionic liquid. Therefore, this novel approach improves the catalytic results under milder conditions and minimizes waste generation, as observed in the green metrics determined for the benchmark process, offering a more sustainable and effective alternative in cross-coupling transformations.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6c00237

Año: 2026

Publicado en: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering (2026), [7 pp.]
ISSN: 2168-0485

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/AEI PID2021-125762NB-I00
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/E37-23R

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)

Área (Departamento): Área Microbiología (Dpto. Microb.Ped.Radio.Sal.Pú.)
Área (Departamento): Área Química Orgánica (Dpto. Química Orgánica)