170381 20260420103354.0 doi 10.1111/csp2.70262 sideral 148917 ART-2026-148917 eng Nores, Carlos The conservation management of European bison requires strong evidence and careful risk assessment: A response to “Comment: Nores et al. (2024) fail in their attempt to demonstrate the inappropriateness of an eventual introduction of the European bison to Spain as a rewilding initiative 2026 We thank Bartolomé and colleagues for their interest in our recent article, “Rewilding through inappropriate species introduction: The case of European bison in Spain” (Nores et al., 2024). Our work critically evaluated the proposal to introduce European bison (Bison bonasus) into the Iberian Peninsula, considering ecological, biogeographical, conservation, and legal aspects. The reply by Bartolomé et al. presents alternative hypotheses but does not challenge our conclusions with new evidence. Our position relied on what the available data show and on the convergence of paleontological, ecological, climatic, and legal evidence (Nores et al., 2024). In contrast, Bartolomé and colleagues rely on hypothetical scenarios of the presence of European bison in Iberia, such as possible Holocene extinctions or preliminary sedaDNA signals (Gelabert et al., 2025), which, while intriguing, do not offer conclusive support for past presence of extant European bison in Iberia. Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Álvarez-Laó, Diego Navarro, Alberto Pérez-Barbería, Francisco Javier Castaños, Pedro María Castaños de la Fuente, Jone Morales Muñiz, Arturo Azorit, Concepción Muñoz-Cobo, Joaquín Fernández Delgado, Carlos Granado Lorencio, Carlos Palmqvist, Paul Soriguer, Ramón Delibes, Miguel Vilà, Montserrat Simón, Miguel Cabezudo, Baltasar Galán, Carmen García-Berthou, Emili Almodóvar, Ana Elvira, Benigno Brufao Curiel, Pedro Casinos, Adriá Herrero, Juan Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-8273-3141 5011 220 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. CC.Agrar.y Medio Natural Área Ecología 8, 4 (2026), e70262 [5 p.] Conserv. sci. pract. Conservation science and practice 2578-4854 2308561 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/170381/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2061886 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/170381/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:170381 articulos driver 2026-04-18-10:48:26 ARTICLE