000170929 001__ 170929
000170929 005__ 20260430151735.0
000170929 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1007/s00415-026-13824-y
000170929 0248_ $$2sideral$$a148994
000170929 037__ $$aART-2026-148994
000170929 041__ $$aeng
000170929 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-2153-0417$$aAvedillo-Salas, Ana$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000170929 245__ $$aEfficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: a systematic review
000170929 260__ $$c2026
000170929 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000170929 5203_ $$aIntroduction
In relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), conventional immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive therapies are widely used. However, in many cases, optimal control of inflammatory activity and disease progression is not achieved, which has led to the use of biological drugs such as monoclonal antibodies that act specifically on key components of the immune system. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies compared to other drugs or placebo in adult patients with RRMS.
Methods
A systematic review was performed based on randomized, double-blind, phase III controlled clinical trials published between 2012 and 2025 in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases, assessing efficacy and safety in adult patients with RRMS. The review was carried out following the PICO methodology and PRISMA guidelines.
Results
A total of 11 studies were included, evaluating 5 monoclonal antibodies: alemtuzumab, daclizumab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, and ublituximab. These therapies showed superior efficacy compared to conventional treatments in reducing the annual relapse rate, MRI inflammatory activity and MRI activity, particularly in patients with highly active disease. However, effects on disability progression were heterogeneous across trials and not consistently significant. In addition, decreases in biomarkers of axonal damage were observed. Nevertheless, relevant adverse effects were identified, including infections, autoimmune reactions, hepatic and cutaneous toxicity, whose incidence varies depending on the drug, requiring close clinical monitoring.
Conclusions
Monoclonal antibodies are an effective option in RRMS, with clinical and radiological benefits superior to those of conventional treatments. Their use requires individualized assessment and close follow-up due to the risk of adverse effects, especially in high-risk patients.
000170929 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
000170929 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000170929 700__ $$aBaeza Martínez, Laura
000170929 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-8064-8138$$aFanlo-Villacampa, Ana$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000170929 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-4629-6743$$aVicente-Romero, Jorge$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000170929 7102_ $$11012$$2315$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Farmac.Fisiol.y Med.L.F.$$cÁrea Farmacología
000170929 773__ $$g273, 286 (2026), [15 pp.]$$pJ. neurol.$$tJournal of Neurology$$x0340-5354
000170929 8564_ $$s760049$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/170929/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000170929 8564_ $$s2273643$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/170929/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
000170929 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:170929$$particulos$$pdriver
000170929 951__ $$a2026-04-30-13:57:17
000170929 980__ $$aARTICLE