Experimental proof of faster-is-slower in systems of frictional particles flowing through constrictions

Pastor, J.M. ; Garcimartín, A. ; Gago, P.A. ; Peralta, J.P. ; Martín-Gómez, C. ; Ferrer, L.M. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Maza, D. ; Parisi, D.R. ; Pugnaloni, L.A. ; Zuriguel, I.

Resumen: The "faster-is-slower" (FIS) effect was first predicted by computer simulations of the egress of pedestrians through a narrow exit D. Helbing, I. J. Farkas, and T. Vicsek, Nature (London) 407, 487 (2000)NATUAS0028-083610.1038/35035023]. FIS refers to the finding that, under certain conditions, an excess of the individuals'' vigor in the attempt to exit causes a decrease in the flow rate. In general, this effect is identified by the appearance of a minimum when plotting the total evacuation time of a crowd as a function of the pedestrian desired velocity. Here, we experimentally show that the FIS effect indeed occurs in three different systems of discrete particles flowing through a constriction: (a) humans evacuating a room, (b) a herd of sheep entering a barn, and (c) grains flowing out a 2D hopper over a vibrated incline. This finding suggests that FIS is a universal phenomenon for active matter passing through a narrowing.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.92.062817

Año: 2015

Publicado en: Physical Review E 92, 6 (2015), 062817[6 pp]
ISSN: 2470-0045

Factor impacto JCR: 2.252 (2015)

Categ. JCR: PHYSICS, MATHEMATICAL rank: 6 / 53 = 0.113 (2015) - Q1 - T1
Categ. JCR: PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS rank: 10 / 30 = 0.333 (2015) - Q2 - T2

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 1.183 - Condensed Matter Physics (Q1) - Statistical and Nonlinear Physics (Q1) - Statistics and Probability (Q2)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/FIS2014-57325

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Área Medicina y Cirugía Animal (Dpto. Patología Animal)