000048156 001__ 48156 000048156 005__ 20210121114515.0 000048156 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1038/srep15324 000048156 0248_ $$2sideral$$a93211 000048156 037__ $$aART-2015-93211 000048156 041__ $$aeng 000048156 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-3376-0327$$aMartin-Mayor, V. 000048156 245__ $$aUnraveling Quantum Annealers using Classical Hardness 000048156 260__ $$c2015 000048156 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000048156 5203_ $$aRecent advances in quantum technology have led to the development and manufacturing of experimental programmable quantum annealing optimizers that contain hundreds of quantum bits. These optimizers, commonly referred to as ‘D-Wave’ chips, promise to solve practical optimization problems potentially faster than conventional ‘classical’ computers. Attempts to quantify the quantum nature of these chips have been met with both excitement and skepticism but have also brought up numerous fundamental questions pertaining to the distinguishability of experimental quantum annealers from their classical thermal counterparts. Inspired by recent results in spin- glass theory that recognize ‘temperature chaos’ as the underlying mechanism responsible for the computational intractability of hard optimization problems, we devise a general method to quantify the performance of quantum annealers on optimization problems suffering from varying degrees of temperature chaos: A superior performance of quantum annealers over classical algorithms on these may allude to the role that quantum effects play in providing speedup. We utilize our method to experimentally study the D-Wave Two chip on different temperature-chaotic problems and find, surprisingly, that its performance scales unfavorably as compared to several analogous classical algorithms. We detect, quantify and discuss several purely classical effects that possibly mask the quantum behavior of the chip. 000048156 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/FIS2012-35719-C02 000048156 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000048156 590__ $$a5.228$$b2015 000048156 591__ $$aMULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES$$b7 / 62 = 0.113$$c2015$$dQ1$$eT1 000048156 592__ $$a2.034$$b2015 000048156 593__ $$aMultidisciplinary$$c2015$$dQ1 000048156 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000048156 700__ $$aHen, I. 000048156 773__ $$g5 (2015), 15324$$pSci. rep.$$tScientific Reports$$x2045-2322 000048156 8564_ $$s527623$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/48156/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000048156 8564_ $$s107719$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/48156/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000048156 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:48156$$particulos$$pdriver 000048156 951__ $$a2021-01-21-10:59:14 000048156 980__ $$aARTICLE