Espín Tello, Sandra Martina
Bueno Lozano, Manuel (dir.) ; Jiménez Bernadó, María Teresa (dir.)
Universidad de Zaragoza,
2016
Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la capacidad funcional y la autoestima en una muestra de personas jóvenes y adultas con Parálisis Cerebral (PC), así como el estudio de otros posibles predictores de la autoestima como las características socio-demográficas y las que describen la afectación. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional y transversal de una muestra no aleatoria de 108 personas jóvenes y adultas con PC. El estudio fue restringido a personas con edades comprendidas entre los 16 y los 65 años, con capacidad de comunicación y residentes en España. Se obtuvo el consentimiento informado de los participantes o de sus tutores legales. Los participantes fueron entrevistados usando un cuestionario ad hoc sobre las características socio-demográficas y referentes a la afectación (tipo de PC, patologías asociadas, tratamientos, etc.), el Índice de Barthel (IB), el cual medía la capacidad funcional, y la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR). La relación entre el IB y la EAR fue analizada mediante la regresión lineal, ajustándola a las variables socio-demográficas y descriptoras de la afectación. Resultados: La regresión lineal simple mostró que la EAR aumentó en promedio 0.047 puntos (IC 95%=0.016 a 0.078, p=0.003) por cada aumento de un punto en el IB. Las posibles variables de confusión (sexo, edad y lugar de residencia) apenas influyeron en la relación, excepto en que fue más pronunciada en el grupo de personas entre los 25 y 45 años que en el grupo de personas con más edad (45-65 años) (p=0.048). Sin embargo, el IB explicó sólo el 8% de las variaciones en la EAR. Una mayor capacidad funcional estuvo asociada significativamente (p≤0.001) con un nivel más elevado de estudios, una situación laboral más activa y una forma de vivir más independiente, lo cual se asoció a su vez con un nivel de autoestima más elevado (p<0.05). Las personas que podían caminar sin ningún tipo de ayuda tenían una autoestima media 3.6 puntos más elevada que las que no. Conclusión: En nuestra muestra de jóvenes y adultos con PC, la autoestima más elevada estaba débilmente asociada con una mejor capacidad funcional. Esta relación es probablemente causal, mediada por factores como el nivel de estudios, la situación laboral y el vivir de forma independiente. Son necesarias nuevas políticas que faciliten, mediante la eliminación de barreras físicas, sociales y actitudinales, el acceso de las personas con afectación severa a niveles superiores de educación, a viviendas donde puedan vivir de manera independiente y a una vida laboral activa.
Resumen (otro idioma): Objective: To analyze the relationship between functional capacity and self-esteem in a sample of adults and young people with Cerebral Palsy (CP), and to study other putative predictors of their self-esteem such as socio-demographic and impairment characteristics. Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional study of a non-random sample of 108 adults and young people with CP, restricted to people aged between 16 and 65 years, able to communicate and resident in Spain. Informed consent was obtained from the participants or their legal guardians. Participants were interviewed using an ad hoc questionnaire regarding socio-demographic and impairment characteristics (type of CP, associated conditions, treatments, etc.), the Barthel Index (BI), which measures functional capacity, and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES). The relationship between BI and RSES was analyzed using linear regression, adjusting for socio-demographic and impairment variables. Results: Simple linear regression showed that RSES increased by an average of 0.047 points (95% CI=0.016 to 0.078, p=0.003) for each increase of one point in BI. This relationship was not substantially influenced by possible confounders (sex, age and area of residence) except that it was more pronounced in people aged 25-45 years than in older people (45-65 years) (p=0.048). However, BI explained only 8% of the variations in RSES. Higher functional capacity was significantly associated (p≤0.001) with a higher level of studies, a more active employment situation, and more independent living arrangements, which were in turn associated with a higher level of self-esteem (p<0.05). People who could walk without aid had average self-esteem 3.6 points higher than those who could not. Conclusion: In our sample of adults and young people with CP, higher self-esteem was weakly associated with greater functional capacity. This relationship is probably causal, mediated by factors such as level of studies, employment status and independent living. New policies are needed to facilitate, through the removal of social, physical and attitudinal barriers, the access of people with severe impairment to higher levels of education, homes where they can live independently and an active working life.
Resumen (otro idioma): Objective: To analyze the relationship between functional capacity and self-esteem in a sample of adults and young people with Cerebral Palsy (CP), and to study other putative predictors of their self-esteem such as socio-demographic and impairment characteristics. Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional study of a non-random sample of 108 adults and young people with CP, restricted to people aged between 16 and 65 years, able to communicate and resident in Spain. Informed consent was obtained from the participants or their legal guardians. Participants were interviewed using an ad hoc questionnaire regarding socio-demographic and impairment characteristics (type of CP, associated conditions, treatments, etc.), the Barthel Index (BI), which measures functional capacity, and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES). The relationship between BI and RSES was analyzed using linear regression, adjusting for socio-demographic and impairment variables. Results: Simple linear regression showed that RSES increased by an average of 0.047 points (95% CI=0.016 to 0.078, p=0.003) for each increase of one point in BI. This relationship was not substantially influenced by possible confounders (sex, age and area of residence) except that it was more pronounced in people aged 25-45 years than in older people (45-65 years) (p=0.048). However, BI explained only 8% of the variations in RSES. Higher functional capacity was significantly associated (p≤0.001) with a higher level of studies, a more active employment situation, and more independent living arrangements, which were in turn associated with a higher level of self-esteem (p<0.05). People who could walk without aid had average self-esteem 3.6 points higher than those who could not. Conclusion: In our sample of adults and young people with CP, higher self-esteem was weakly associated with greater functional capacity. This relationship is probably causal, mediated by factors such as level of studies, employment status and independent living. New policies are needed to facilitate, through the removal of social, physical and attitudinal barriers, the access of people with severe impairment to higher levels of education, homes where they can live independently and an active working life.
Pal. clave: sector de la salud ; psicología ; análisis de actividades ; parálisis cerebral
Área de conocimiento: Fisioterapia
Departamento: Fisiatría y Enfermería
Nota: Presentado: 29 06 2016
Nota: Tesis-Univ. Zaragoza, Fisiatría y Enfermería, 2016
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Registro creado el 2016-07-21, última modificación el 2019-02-19
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