@article{GarridoSierra:58247,
author = "Garrido Sierra, Lucía and Montoro Huguet, Miguel A.",
title = "{Disfagia orofaríngea. Revisión bibliográfica de su
abordaje interdisciplinar e implicaciones dietéticas y
nutricionales.}",
year = "2016",
note = "Dysphagia is a symptom characterized by the difficulty to
swallow. It is highly prevalent that may be due to several
pathological conditions both structural and functional and
be localized at the oropharynx or the oesophagus.
Oropharyngeal dysphagia may cause efficiency and safety
problems and can cause tracheobronchial aspirations.
Hyponutrition appears in up to 1/3 of the patients
suffering and safe swallowing (aspirations) in up to 2/3 of
the patients presenting it, with high risk of aspiration
pneumonias and respiratory infections. In neurological,
elder or institutionalised patients its prevalence may vary
30%-60%, with varying degrees of severity. Despite this,
oropharyngeal dysphagia remains underdiagnosed and
undertreated so it seems necessary to carry out an analysis
of the current methods to perform an early and accurate
diagnosis allowing for the implementation of effective
therapies helping the clinician preventing complications,
both nutritional and respiratory. In the present review, I
outline the study of oropharyngeal dysphagia from the use
of clinical questionaries to its confirmation by
instrumental examinations, helping multidisciplinary team
not only to diagnose dysphagia but also to determine the
most effective therapeutic strategies in each case
(nutritional and for rehabilitation) and to control its
course.",
}