engTreviño ACaballero Ede Mendoza CAguilera APirón MSoriano VRodríguez Mdel Romero JMarcaida GOcete MDMolina IAguilera ARodríguez-Calviño JJNavarro DRegueiro BBenito RAlgarate SGil JOrtiz de Lejarazu RRojo SEirós JMManzardo CMiró JM, García JPaz IPoveda ECalderón EMateos MDronda FEscudero DTrigo MDiz JGarcía-Campello MRodríguez-Iglesias MHernández-Betancor AMartín AMRamos JMGimeno AGutiérrez FRodríguez JCSanchez VGómez-Hernando CCilla GPérez-Trallero ELópez-Aldeguer JFernández-Pereira LNiubó JHernández MLópez-Lirola AMGómez-Sirvent JLForce LCifuentes CPérez SMorano LRaya CGonzález-Praetorius APérez JLPeñaranda MHernáez-Crespo SMontejo JMRoc LMartínez-Sapiña AViciana ICabezas TLozano AFernández JMGarcía-Bermejo IGaspar GGarcía RGórgolas MVegas MCVegas CBlas JMiralles PAldamiz TMargall NGuardia CDo Pico EPolo IAguinaga AEzpeleta CSauleda STorres PJiménez ABlanco LGonzález RSuárez ARequena SBenítez-Gutiérrez LCuervas-Mons VBarreiro PThe Burden of Neglected HIV-2 and HTLV-1 Infections in Spain.ART-2015-97744HIV-2 and HTLV-1 infections are globally less frequent than those produced by HIV-1, the classical AIDS agent. In Spain and up to the end of 2014, a total of 310 cases of HIV-2, 274 of HTLV-1, and 776 of HTLV-2 infections had been reported. No cases of HTLV-3 or HTLV-4 infections have been identified so far in Spain. Most persons infected with HIV-2 or HTLV-1 acknowledge epidemiological risk factors for contagion, such as originating from or living in endemic regions and/or having had sexual partners from those areas. However, risk factors could not be recognized in up to 20-25% of carriers in Spain. Thus, it seems worth keeping a high level of clinical suspicion in order to identify earlier these neglected human retroviral infections, since diagnostic procedures and antiviral treatment are specific for each of these agents. In this article we summarize the major contributions reported at the meeting of the Spanish Group for HIV-2/HTLV held in Madrid in December 20142015http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/59999http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/59999oai:zaguan.unizar.es:59999info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/FIS/AC15-00041info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/FIS/AC15-0003info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/FIS/CD14-0243info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/FIS/CES12-00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/FIS/CM13-0309info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/FIS/FI14-0264info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/FIS/ICI14-00372info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/FIS/PI13-01574AIDS REVIEWS 17, 4 (2015), 212-219All rights reservedhttp://www.europeana.eu/rights/rr-f/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess