000060971 001__ 60971 000060971 005__ 20190709135501.0 000060971 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1371/journal.pone.0172730 000060971 0248_ $$2sideral$$a98527 000060971 037__ $$aART-2017-98527 000060971 041__ $$aeng 000060971 100__ $$aLatomme, J. 000060971 245__ $$aEffect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy 000060971 260__ $$c2017 000060971 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000060971 5203_ $$aBackground: The aim of the present study evaluated the effect and process of the ToyBox-intervention on proxy-reported sedentary behaviours in 4- to 6-year-old preschoolers from six European countries. Methods: In total, 2434 preschoolers'' parents/primary caregivers (mean age: 4.7±0.4 years, 52.2% boys) filled out a questionnaire, assessing preschoolers'' sedentary behaviours (TV/DVD/video viewing, computer/video games use and quiet play) on weekdays and weekend days. Multilevel repeated measures analyses were conducted to measure the intervention effects. Additionally, process evaluation data were included to better understand the intervention effects. Results: Positive intervention effects were found for computer/video games use. In the total sample, the intervention group showed a smaller increase in computer/video games use on weekdays (ß =-3.40, p = 0.06; intervention: +5.48 min/day, control: +8.89 min/day) and on weekend days (ß =-5.97, p = 0.05; intervention: +9.46 min/day, control: +15.43 min/day) from baseline to follow-up, compared to the control group. Country-specific analyses showed similar effects in Belgium and Bulgaria, while no significant intervention effects were found in the other countries. Process evaluation data showed relatively low teachers'' and low parents'' process evaluation scores for the sedentary behaviour component of the intervention (mean: 15.6/24, range: 2.5-23.5 and mean: 8.7/17, range: 0-17, respectively). Higher parents'' process evaluation scores were related to a larger intervention effect, but higher teachers'' process evaluation scores were not. ConclusionsL The ToyBox-intervention had a small, positive effect on European preschoolers'' computer/video games use on both weekdays and weekend days, but not on TV/DVD/video viewing or quiet play. The lack of larger effects can possibly be due to the fact that parents were only passively involved in the intervention and to the fact that the intervention was too demanding for the teachers. Future interventions targeting preschoolers'' behaviours should involve parents more actively in both the development and the implementation of the intervention and, when involving schools, less demanding activities for teachers should be developed. 000060971 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/245200/EU/Multifactorial evidence based approach using behavioural models in understanding and promoting fun, healthy food, play and policy for the prevention of obesity in early childhood: ToyBox/TOYBOX 000060971 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000060971 590__ $$a2.766$$b2017 000060971 591__ $$aMULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES$$b15 / 64 = 0.234$$c2017$$dQ1$$eT1 000060971 592__ $$a1.164$$b2017 000060971 593__ $$aAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)$$c2017$$dQ1 000060971 593__ $$aMedicine (miscellaneous)$$c2017$$dQ1 000060971 593__ $$aBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)$$c2017$$dQ1 000060971 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000060971 700__ $$aCardon, G. 000060971 700__ $$aDe Bourdeaudhuij, I. 000060971 700__ $$aIotova, V. 000060971 700__ $$aKoletzko, B. 000060971 700__ $$aSocha, P. 000060971 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-0454-653X$$aMoreno, L.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000060971 700__ $$aAndroutsos, O. 000060971 700__ $$aManios, Y. 000060971 700__ $$aDe Craemer, M. 000060971 700__ $$aPaw, M. C. A. 000060971 700__ $$aSummerbell, C. 000060971 700__ $$aLobstein, T. 000060971 700__ $$aAnnemans, L. 000060971 700__ $$aBuijs, G. 000060971 700__ $$aReilly, J. 000060971 700__ $$aSwinburn, B. 000060971 700__ $$aWard, D. 000060971 700__ $$aGrammatikaki, E. 000060971 700__ $$aKatsarou, C. 000060971 700__ $$aApostolidou, E. 000060971 700__ $$aEfstathopoulou, E. 000060971 700__ $$aDuvinage, K. 000060971 700__ $$aIbrügger, S. 000060971 700__ $$aStrauß, A. 000060971 700__ $$aHerbert, B. 000060971 700__ $$aBirnbaum, J. 000060971 700__ $$aPayr, A. 000060971 700__ $$aGeyer, C. 000060971 700__ $$aDe Decker, E. 000060971 700__ $$aDe Henauw, S. 000060971 700__ $$aMaes, L. 000060971 700__ $$aVereecken, C. 000060971 700__ $$aVan Assche, J. 000060971 700__ $$aPil, L. 000060971 700__ $$aTe Velde, S. 000060971 700__ $$aMouratidou, T. 000060971 700__ $$aFernandez, J. 000060971 700__ $$aMesana, M. 000060971 700__ $$aDe Miguel-Etayo, P. 000060971 700__ $$aGonzález, E. 000060971 700__ $$aGracia-Marco, L. 000060971 700__ $$aOves, B. 000060971 700__ $$aYngve, A. 000060971 700__ $$aKugelberg, S. 000060971 700__ $$aLynch, C. 000060971 700__ $$aMosdøl, A. 000060971 700__ $$aNilsen, B. B. 000060971 700__ $$aMoore, H. 000060971 700__ $$aDouthwaite, W. 000060971 700__ $$aNixon, C. 000060971 700__ $$aKreichauf, S. 000060971 700__ $$aWildgruber, A. 000060971 700__ $$aKulaga, Z. 000060971 700__ $$aZych, K. 000060971 700__ $$aGózdz, M. 000060971 700__ $$aGurzkowska, B. 000060971 700__ $$aSzott, K. 000060971 700__ $$aLateva, M. 000060971 700__ $$aUsheva, N. 000060971 700__ $$aGalcheva, S. 000060971 700__ $$aMarinova, V. 000060971 700__ $$aRadkova, Z. 000060971 700__ $$aFeschieva, N. 000060971 700__ $$aAikenhead, A. 000060971 700__ $$aDorgelo, A. 000060971 700__ $$aNethe, A. 000060971 700__ $$aJansen, J. 000060971 700__ $$aGmeiner, O. 000060971 700__ $$aRetterath, J. 000060971 700__ $$aWildeis, J. 000060971 700__ $$aGünthersberger, A. 000060971 700__ $$aGibson, L. 000060971 700__ $$aVoegele, C. 000060971 7102_ $$11006$$2255$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería$$cÁrea Enfermería 000060971 773__ $$g12, 4 (2017), 0172730 [25 pp]$$pPLoS One$$tPloS one$$x1932-6203 000060971 8564_ $$s1808862$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/60971/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000060971 8564_ $$s93131$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/60971/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000060971 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:60971$$particulos$$pdriver 000060971 951__ $$a2019-07-09-11:46:36 000060971 980__ $$aARTICLE