000006965 001__ 6965 000006965 005__ 20170831220339.0 000006965 037__ $$aTAZ-TFM-2012-016 000006965 041__ $$aeng 000006965 1001_ $$aVillarreal Calvo, Luis 000006965 24500 $$aLaser marking of polymers. Work methodology 000006965 260__ $$aZaragoza$$bUniversidad de Zaragoza$$c2012 000006965 506__ $$aby-nc-sa$$bCreative Commons$$c3.0$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ 000006965 500__ $$aCon la colaboración de la empresa B.S.H. en Zaragoza (Balay) y Vitoria. Con la colaboración de los grupos 1) procesado laser 2) cristales liquidos y polimeros. 000006965 520__ $$aLaser marking of polymers. Work Methodology. Context The aim of this work is to obtain a work protocol for laser marking of polymers (figure 1). An in depth study regarding the ‘state of the art’ (articles, patents, books, dissertations) about the laser-polymer interaction, laser parameters, photo chemical/thermical processes, mechanical properties of polymers and optical characterization will be carried out. During laser marking, different phenomena can be observed from the most common photothermical processes to photochemical reactions. Those phenomena are not only due to the raw material, but also to different additives, wavelengths and laser parameters. This work will be developed with the resources available at the company B.S.H. (Balay) and the University of Zaragoza, mainly with the laser processing of materials group and the liquid crystals and polymers group. Initial proposal As starting materials for the study of laser marking, the following commercial polymers are proposed: ABS, SAN, PBT, PMMA and mainly PP. Regarding the irradiation following wavelengths are proposed: 1064, 532 and 355 nm covering IR, visible and UV spectra. Special interest will be paid to 355nm (UV) because in this range the possibilities of photochemical processes increases. Control of raw material There is a strong interest in controlling the raw material and additives, so alternatives for the production of different polymer plates will be studied; partially to identify the relationships between different phenomenology and additives. To control the raw material a profound knowledge of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the material is necessary. For the analysis various tools can be enhanced (XPS, ATR, EDX). Experiments According to the ‘state of the art’ different experiments are proposed, carrying them out on both, the raw material and the marks. The experiments fall into various investigation backgrounds, the different fields are shown below. . Design of experiments (DoE): parameter selection, factorial design. • Mathematical models: photo chemical/thermical rate, thermal models. • Mechanical properties: hardness and scratch resistance of the marks. • Temperature: measurement different tools • Morphology: roughness, appearance and depth of marks. • Optical characterization: Contrast and color distance (CIELab), absorption spectra. • Detection of photochemical/photothermical phenomena: carbonization, foaming, photo reduction, bond breaking, ablation, incubation, blocking. Importance of experimental results The experimental results must be discussed leading to conclusions. According to the conclusions the experiments can be accepted, discarded or adapted defining a solid work methodology suitable for a wide group of polymers. 000006965 521__ $$aMáster Universitario en Física y Tecnologías Físicas 000006965 540__ $$aDerechos regulados por licencia Creative Commons 000006965 6531_ $$alaser marking 000006965 6531_ $$apolymer plastic 000006965 6531_ $$afoaming 000006965 6531_ $$acarbonization 000006965 6531_ $$atampography 000006965 6531_ $$aablation 000006965 6531_ $$amarcado laser 000006965 6531_ $$apolímero plástico 000006965 6531_ $$atampografia 000006965 6531_ $$aablación 000006965 700__ $$aPeña Torre, José Ignacio$$edir. 000006965 700__ $$aOriol Langa, Luis Teodoro$$edir. 000006965 7102_ $$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bCiencia y Tecnología de Materiales y Fluidos$$cCiencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica 000006965 8560_ $$f497744@celes.unizar.es 000006965 8564_ $$s9559491$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/6965/files/TAZ-TFM-2012-016.pdf$$yMemoria (eng)$$zMemoria (eng) 000006965 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:6965$$ptrabajos-fin-master$$pdriver 000006965 950__ $$a 000006965 980__ $$aTAZ$$bTFM$$cCIEN