000070285 001__ 70285
000070285 005__ 20211216131131.0
000070285 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1186/s13071-018-2820-x
000070285 0248_ $$2sideral$$a105909
000070285 037__ $$aART-2018-105909
000070285 041__ $$aeng
000070285 100__ $$aAres Gomez, Sonia
000070285 245__ $$aPhlebotomine mortality effect of systemic insecticides administered to dogs
000070285 260__ $$c2018
000070285 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000070285 5203_ $$aBackground: Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is an important disease in humans and dogs. Different mammal species are reservoirs but dogs are considered to be the main one. Phlebotomine sand flies are the proven vector. Four systemic insecticides approved for their use in dogs were previously selected based on their potential to be used in endemic countries as part of the control programs of ZVL. These insecticides are proved to be safe and effective against the on-label insects and parasites, but there is no information about their activity against phlebotomine sand flies.
Methods: The phlebotomine mortality of four systemic insecticides in dogs was evaluated using two randomized clinical trials. For the first trial, thirty dogs were randomly allocated into five groups: four treatments and one control, of equal size. The treatments evaluated were: Guardian®SR, Elanco (moxidectin); Comfortis®, Elanco (spinosad); Bravecto®, Merck Animal Health (fluralaner); and NexGard®, Merial (afoxolaner). Blood from dogs was taken at days 2, 4, 21 and 31 post-treatment (trial 1). The compound that showed the highest efficacy was selected for a second trial (trial 2) with 20 dogs sampled at days 0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 18, 32, 39, 51 and 84 post-treatment. Membrane feeding bioassays with Phlebotomus papatasi were used to evaluate the phlebotomine mortality efficacy of the different treatments. Phlebotomine mortality was observed every 24 h following the membrane feeding during 5 days. A mixed model for a negative binomial logistic regression, and a Cox proportional hazard mixed model were used to estimate phlebotomine mortality due to different treatments.
Results: Fluralaner was the only compound that showed significant phlebotomine mortality. Fluralaner maintained the phlebotomine mortality between 60-80% for 30 days after treatment. In trial 1 we found that fluralaner increased the risk of death by 1.9 times (95% CI: 1.02-3.6) and 1.7 times (95% CI: 1.09-2.6) at days 2 and 4 after treatment. The Cox model resulted in an increase of 1.47 (95% CI: 1.1-1.96) times in hazard risk at day 2 and 1.89 (95% CI: 1.35-2.45) at day 4 after treatment. In trial 2 we found that fluralaner increased the risk of death by 1.64 times (95% CI: 1.16-2.54) and 1.97 times (95% CI: 1.23-3.17) at days 14 and 32. The hazard risk was also increased by 1.92 (95% CI: 1.4-2.64) times at day 14 after treatment. Phlebotomine survival including all experimental days was significantly lower in the fluralaner group in both trials.
Conclusions: A single oral treatment of fluralaner in dogs induces phlebotomine mortality. Systemic insecticides in dogs should be considered as a potential preventive measure of ZVL.
000070285 536__ $$9This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 642609-EUROLEISH-NET$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/642609/EU/Control of leishmaniasis, from bench to bedside and community/EUROLEISH-NET
000070285 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
000070285 590__ $$a3.031$$b2018
000070285 591__ $$aTROPICAL MEDICINE$$b2 / 21 = 0.095$$c2018$$dQ1$$eT1
000070285 591__ $$aPARASITOLOGY$$b7 / 36 = 0.194$$c2018$$dQ1$$eT1
000070285 592__ $$a1.565$$b2018
000070285 593__ $$aParasitology$$c2018$$dQ1
000070285 593__ $$aInfectious Diseases$$c2018$$dQ1
000070285 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000070285 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-0663-8411$$aLucientes Curdi, Javier$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000070285 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-2048-4749$$aCastillo Hernandez, Juan Antonio$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000070285 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-5750-3643$$aPeris Peris, Paz$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000070285 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-8282-5975$$aEsteban Gil, Adriana
000070285 700__ $$aOropeza Velasquez, Ronald Vladimir
000070285 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-7331-2863$$aOrtega Hernandez, Paula$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000070285 700__ $$aPicado, Albert
000070285 7102_ $$11009$$2773$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Patología Animal$$cÁrea Sanidad Animal
000070285 773__ $$g11, 1 (2018), 230 [9 pp]$$pParasites & Vectors$$tParasites and Vectors$$x1756-3305
000070285 8564_ $$s671776$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/70285/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000070285 8564_ $$s91802$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/70285/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
000070285 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:70285$$particulos$$pdriver
000070285 951__ $$a2021-12-16-13:01:38
000070285 980__ $$aARTICLE