76975 20200117221625.0 doi 10.3390/e20120909 sideral 109866 ART-2018-109866 eng Alves, L.G.A. Unfolding the complexity of the global value chain: Strength and entropy in the single-layer, multiplex, and multi-layer international trade networks 2018 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted The worldwide trade network has been widely studied through different data sets and network representations with a view to better understanding interactions among countries and products. Here we investigate international trade through the lenses of the single-layer, multiplex, and multi-layer networks. We discuss differences among the three network frameworks in terms of their relative advantages in capturing salient topological features of trade. We draw on the World Input-Output Database to build the three networks. We then uncover sources of heterogeneity in the way strength is allocated among countries and transactions by computing the strength distribution and entropy in each network. Additionally, we trace how entropy evolved, and show how the observed peaks can be associated with the onset of the global economic downturn. Findings suggest how more complex representations of trade, such as the multi-layer network, enable us to disambiguate the distinct roles of intra- and cross-industry transactions in driving the evolution of entropy at a more aggregate level. We discuss our results and the implications of our comparative analysis of networks for research on international trade and other empirical domains across the natural and social sciences. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/FIS2017-87519-P This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 640772-DOLFINS info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/640772/EU/Distributed Global Financial Systems for Society/DOLFINS info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/E36-17R info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 2.419 2018 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 28 / 81 = 0.346 2018 Q2 T2 0.524 2018 Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) 2018 Q2 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Mangioni, G. Rodrigues, F.A. Panzarasa, P. (orcid)0000-0002-0895-1893 Moreno, Y. Universidad de Zaragoza 2004 405 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Física Teórica Área Física Teórica 20, 12 (2018), 909 [14 pp] Entropy ENTROPY 1099-4300 2482012 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/76975/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 100838 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/76975/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:76975 articulos driver 2020-01-17-21:56:38 ARTICLE