Resumen: This paper analyses the evolution of the European urban system from a long-term perspective (from 1300 to 1800). Using the method recently proposed by Clauset, Shalizi, and Newman, a Pareto-type city size distribution (power law) is rejected from 1300 to 1600. A power law is a plausible model for the city size distribution only in 1700 and 1800, although the log-normal distribution is another plausible alternative model that we cannot reject. Moreover, the random growth of cities is rejected using parametric and non-parametric methods. The results reveal a clear pattern of convergent growth in all the periods. Idioma: Inglés DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12365 Año: 2019 Publicado en: PAPERS IN REGIONAL SCIENCE 98, 2 (2019), 1115–1136 ISSN: 1056-8190 Factor impacto JCR: 2.22 (2019) Categ. JCR: GEOGRAPHY rank: 37 / 84 = 0.44 (2019) - Q2 - T2 Categ. JCR: ECONOMICS rank: 96 / 371 = 0.259 (2019) - Q2 - T1 Categ. JCR: REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING rank: 23 / 39 = 0.59 (2019) - Q3 - T2 Categ. JCR: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES rank: 68 / 123 = 0.553 (2019) - Q3 - T2 Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 0.91 - Geography, Planning and Development (Q1) - Environmental Science (miscellaneous) (Q1)