doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214252engMartínez-Vispo, C.Rodríguez-Cano, R.López-Durán, A.Senra, C.Fernández Del Río, E.Becoña, E.Cognitive-behavioral treatment with behavioral activation for smoking cessation: Randomized controlled trialART-2019-111471Introduction: Behavioral Activation is a behavioral-based treatment that has been proposed as suitable for smoking cessation, as it simultaneously addresses reinforcement-related variables and also mood management. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a cognitivebehavioral smoking cessation treatment with components of behavioral activation (SCBSCT-BA) with a standard cognitive-behavioral treatment (SCBSCT), and a wait-list control group (WL). Method: The sample was comprised of 275 adults smokers (61.4% females, mean age = 45.36, SD = 10.96). After baseline assessment sessions, participants were randomized (ratio: 2.2.1.) to SCBSCT-BA, SCBSCT, or WL. Active groups received 8 weekly 1-hour face-to-face group sessions. Biochemically verified smoking abstinence and depressive symptoms were assessed at the end of treatment, and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Results: Significant treatment effects in 7-dayspoint prevalence abstinence rates were found for both active groups at the end of treatment. Abstinence rates at 12-months follow-up were 30% for SCBSCT-BA, and 18% for SCBSCT. Using Multiple Imputation for missing data, regression analysis showed significantly greater ORs for the SCBSCT-BA condition (vs. SCBSCT) at the end of treatment and at 3-months follow-up. At 6-, and 12-months follow-ups, ORs for the SCBSCT-BA condition, although greater, did not reach statistical significance. Multilevel analysis showed that abstinence was related to reductions in depressive symptoms. Conclusions: SCBSCT-BA obtained positive results at short and medium term. Participants who quit smoking experienced a significant reduction in depressive symptoms. Findings support the benefit of adding BA to a cognitive-behavioral smoking cessation treatment. Trial registration www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT02844595.2019http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/7900410.1371/journal.pone.0214252http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/79004oai:zaguan.unizar.es:79004info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-FEDER/PSI2015-66755-RPLoS ONE 14, 4 (2019), e0214252[20 pp]byhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess