79364 20210310171107.0 doi 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.11.031 sideral 97852 ART-2017-97852 eng (orcid)0000-0003-3957-3749 Esteban-Zubero, Eduardo Melatonin's role as a co-adjuvant treatment in colonic diseases: a review 2017 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Melatonin is produced in the pineal gland as well as many other organs, including the enterochromaffin cells of the digestive mucosa. Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that resists oxidative stress due to its capacity to directly scavenge reactive species, to modulate the antioxidant defense system by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and to stimulate the innate immune response through its direct and indirect actions. In addition, the dysregulation of the circadian system is observed to be related with alterations in colonic motility and cell disruptions due to the modifications of clock genes expression. In the gastrointestinal tract, the activities of melatonin are mediated by melatonin receptors (MT2), serotonin (5-HT), and cholecystokinin B (CCK2) receptors and via receptor-independent processes. The levels of melatonin in the gastrointestinal tract exceed by 10–100 times the blood concentrations. Also, there is an estimated 400 times more melatonin in the gut than in the pineal gland. Gut melatonin secretion is suggested to be influenced by the food intake. Low dose melatonin treatment accelerates intestinal transit time whereas high doses may decrease gut motility. Melatonin has been studied as a co-adjuvant treatment in several gastrointestinal diseases including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C), diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), Crohn''s disease, ulcerative colitis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. The purpose of this review is to provide information regarding the potential benefits of melatonin as a co-adjuvant treatment in gastrointestinal diseases, especially IBS, Crohn''s disease, ulcerative colitis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/B40 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/RD12-0043-0035 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by-nc-nd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ 3.234 2017 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY 78 / 261 = 0.299 2017 Q2 T1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL 53 / 133 = 0.398 2017 Q2 T2 1.071 2017 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) 2017 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) 2017 Q1 Medicine (miscellaneous) 2017 Q1 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion (orcid)0000-0002-2455-680X López-Pingarrón, Laura Universidad de Zaragoza Alatorre-Jiménez, Moisés Alejandro Ochoa-Moneo, Purificación Universidad de Zaragoza Buisac-Ramón, Celia (orcid)0000-0001-9481-7879 Rivas-Jiménez, Miguel Universidad de Zaragoza Castán-Ruiz, Silvia (orcid)0000-0002-3155-3578 Antoñanzas-Lombarte, Ángel Universidad de Zaragoza Tan, Dun Xian (orcid)0000-0001-9507-6478 García, José Joaquín Universidad de Zaragoza Reiter, Russel J. 1005 410 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Farmacología y Fisiolog. Área Fisiología 1007 610 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm. Area Medicina 170 (2017), 72-81 [49 p.] Life sci. LIFE SCIENCES 0024-3205 813978 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/79364/files/texto_completo.pdf Postprint 59018 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/79364/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Postprint oai:zaguan.unizar.es:79364 articulos driver 2021-03-10-17:01:11 ARTICLE