doi:10.1080/02640414.2018.1558509engMerino-De Haro, I.Mora-Gonzalez, J.Cadenas-Sanchez, C.Borras, P.A.Benito, P.J.Chiva-Bartoll, O.Torrijos-Niño, C.Samaniego-Sánchez, C.Quesada-Granados, J.J.Sánchez-Delgado, A.Dorado-García, C.García-Martínez, J.M.Vicente-Rodríguez, G.Labayen, I.Ortega, F.B.Higher socioeconomic status is related to healthier levels of fatness and fitness already at 3 to 5 years of age: The PREFIT project: Relation between socioeconomic status, fatness and fitness in preschoolersART-2018-109793This study aimed to analyse the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and fatness and fitness in preschoolers. 2, 638 preschoolers (3–5 years old; 47.2% girls) participated. SES was estimated from the parental educational and occupational levels, and the marital status. Fatness was assessed by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Physical fitness components were assessed using the PREFIT battery. Preschoolers whose parents had higher educational levels had lower fatness (P < 0.05). BMI significantly differed across occupational levels of each parent (P < 0.05) and WHtR across paternal levels (P = 0.004). Musculoskeletal fitness was different across any SES factor (P < 0.05), except handgrip across paternal occupational levels (P = 0.05). Preschoolers with high paternal occupation had higher speed/agility (P = 0.005), and those with high or low maternal education had higher VO2max (P = 0.046). Odds of being obese and having low musculoskeletal fitness was lower as SES was higher (P < 0.05). Those with married parents had higher cardiorespiratory fitness than single-parent ones (P = 0.010). School-based interventions should be aware of that children with low SES are at a higher risk of obesity and low fitness already in the first years of life.2018http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/8642310.1080/02640414.2018.1558509http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/86423oai:zaguan.unizar.es:86423info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MEC/FPU14-06837info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/BES-2014-068829info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/RYC-2011-09011Journal of Sports Sciences 37, 12 (2018), 1327 - 1337All rights reservedhttp://www.europeana.eu/rights/rr-f/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess