000087538 001__ 87538 000087538 005__ 20200716101433.0 000087538 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.supflu.2019.01.019 000087538 0248_ $$2sideral$$a110887 000087538 037__ $$aART-2019-110887 000087538 041__ $$aeng 000087538 100__ $$aGimenez-Rota, C. 000087538 245__ $$aß-Carotene, a-tocoferol and rosmarinic acid encapsulated within PLA/PLGA microcarriers by supercritical emulsion extraction: Encapsulation efficiency, drugs shelf-life and antioxidant activity 000087538 260__ $$c2019 000087538 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000087538 5203_ $$aß-Carotene (ß-CA) is largely used antioxidant with a high sensibility to oxidation when in contact with light and temperature. To improve its shelf life and develop a nutraceutical formulation it was encapsulated into poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and poly-lactic acid (PLA) carriers using Supercritical Emulsion Extraction (SEE). a-Tocoferol (a-TOC) and Rosmarinic Acid (RA) were proposed as excipients to improve product shelf-life. Different emulsion formulation conditions, such as compositions and mixing rate were used; whereas, SEE operating conditions in the counter-current tower were fixed at 80 bar and 38 °C with an L/G ratio of 0.1. In these conditions, PLA and PLGA carriers with sizes ranges between 1.5 ± 0.5 µm and 0.3 ± 0.1 µm were fabricated with Encapsulation Efficiencies (EEs) between 50–80%. The co-encapsulation of a-TOC with ß-CA gained to prolonged drug shelf life; whereas, RA co-encapsulation was not successfully and, in some cases, also reduced ß-CA-EE. The poor loading experienced, in the case of RA, was probably due to its high solubility into the high-pressure mixture of carbon dioxide and organic solvent formed during the emulsion extraction. This behaviour was defined “co-extraction effect” and may limit the application of SEE technology in the encapsulation of molecules soluble in the mixture obtained during oily phase extraction. Shelf-life studies were performed after UV irradiation for ten days and after carriers storage for 2 years at 4 °C. The better performance in terms of shelf life was observed for PLGA capsules loaded with ß-CA/a-TOC; whereas, PLA formulation with ß-CA/a-TOC showed a superior antioxidant activity with an half minimal Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) against the free radical DPPH of 1.8 mg/mL of carriers. 000087538 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby-nc-nd$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ 000087538 590__ $$a3.744$$b2019 000087538 592__ $$a1.055$$b2019 000087538 591__ $$aENGINEERING, CHEMICAL$$b39 / 143 = 0.273$$c2019$$dQ2$$eT1 000087538 593__ $$aChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)$$c2019$$dQ1 000087538 591__ $$aCHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL$$b60 / 158 = 0.38$$c2019$$dQ2$$eT2 000087538 593__ $$aPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry$$c2019$$dQ1 000087538 593__ $$aCondensed Matter Physics$$c2019$$dQ1 000087538 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion 000087538 700__ $$aPalazzo, I. 000087538 700__ $$aScognamiglio, M.R. 000087538 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-9379-8047$$aMainar, A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000087538 700__ $$aReverchon, E. 000087538 700__ $$aDella Porta, G. 000087538 7102_ $$12012$$2755$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Química Física$$cÁrea Química Física 000087538 773__ $$g146 (2019), 199-207$$pJ. supercrit. fluids$$tJournal of Supercritical Fluids$$x0896-8446 000087538 8564_ $$s645458$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/87538/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint 000087538 8564_ $$s206893$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/87538/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint 000087538 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:87538$$particulos$$pdriver 000087538 951__ $$a2020-07-16-08:52:51 000087538 980__ $$aARTICLE