000089654 001__ 89654 000089654 005__ 20210902121634.0 000089654 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1155/2020/8067657 000089654 0248_ $$2sideral$$a118016 000089654 037__ $$aART-2020-118016 000089654 041__ $$aeng 000089654 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-3979-4528$$aRemón, L.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000089654 245__ $$aBifocal and Multifocal Contact Lenses for Presbyopia and Myopia Control 000089654 260__ $$c2020 000089654 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000089654 5203_ $$aBifocal and multifocal optical devices are intended to get images into focus from objects placed at different distances from the observer. Spectacles, contact lenses, and intraocular lenses can meet the requirements to provide such a solution. Contact lenses provide unique characteristics as a platform for implementing bifocality and multifocality. Compared to spectacles, they are closer to the eye, providing a wider field of view, less distortion, and their use is more consistent as they are not so easily removed along the day. In addition, contact lenses are also minimally invasive, can be easily exchangeable, and, therefore, suitable for conditions in which surgical procedures are not indicated. Contact lenses can remain centered with the eye despite eye movements, providing the possibility for simultaneous imaging from different object distances. The main current indications for bifocal and multifocal contact lenses include presbyopia correction in adult population and myopia control in children. Considering the large numbers of potential candidates for optical correction of presbyopia and the demographic trends in myopia, the potential impact of contact lenses for presbyopia and myopia applications is undoubtedly tremendous. However, the ocular characteristics and expectations vary significantly between young and older candidates and impose different challenges in fitting bifocal and multifocal contact lenses for the correction of presbyopia and myopia control. This review presents the recent developments in material platforms, optical designs, simulated visual performance, and the clinical performance assessment of bifocal and multifocal contact lenses for presbyopia correction and/or myopia progression control. 000089654 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-FEDER/DPI2017-84047-R 000089654 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000089654 590__ $$a1.909$$b2020 000089654 591__ $$aOPHTHALMOLOGY$$b45 / 62 = 0.726$$c2020$$dQ3$$eT3 000089654 592__ $$a0.817$$b2020 000089654 593__ $$aOphthalmology$$c2020$$dQ2 000089654 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/review$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000089654 700__ $$aPérez-Merino, P. 000089654 700__ $$aMacEdo-De-Araújo, R.J. 000089654 700__ $$aAmorim-De-Sousa, A.I. 000089654 700__ $$aGonzález-Meíjome, J.M. 000089654 7102_ $$12002$$2647$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Física Aplicada$$cÁrea Óptica 000089654 773__ $$g2020 (2020), 8067657 [18 pp]$$pJ. Ophthalmol.$$tJournal of Ophthalmology$$x2090-004X 000089654 8564_ $$s2086391$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/89654/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000089654 8564_ $$s33323$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/89654/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000089654 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:89654$$particulos$$pdriver 000089654 951__ $$a2021-09-02-08:55:00 000089654 980__ $$aARTICLE