000089741 001__ 89741 000089741 005__ 20210902121759.0 000089741 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1186/s13071-020-04114-1 000089741 0248_ $$2sideral$$a118152 000089741 037__ $$aART-2020-118152 000089741 041__ $$aeng 000089741 100__ $$aMignotte, A. 000089741 245__ $$aThe tree that hides the forest: Cryptic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in the Palaearctic vector Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at the European level 000089741 260__ $$c2020 000089741 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000089741 5203_ $$aBackground: Culicoides obsoletus is an abundant and widely distributed Holarctic biting midge species, involved in the transmission of bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) to wild and domestic ruminants. Females of this vector species are often reported jointly with two morphologically very close species, C. scoticus and C. montanus, forming the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex. Recently, cryptic diversity within C. obsoletus was reported in geographically distant sites. Clear delineation of species and characterization of genetic variability is mandatory to revise their taxonomic status and assess the vector role of each taxonomic entity. Our objectives were to characterize and map the cryptic diversity within the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex. Methods: Portion of the cox1 mitochondrial gene of 3763 individuals belonging to the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex was sequenced. Populations from 20 countries along a Palaearctic Mediterranean transect covering Scandinavia to Canary islands (North to South) and Canary islands to Turkey (West to East) were included. Genetic diversity based on cox1 barcoding was supported by 16S rDNA mitochondrial gene sequences and a gene coding for ribosomal 28S rDNA. Species delimitation using a multi-marker methodology was used to revise the current taxonomic scheme of the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex. Results: Our analysis showed the existence of three phylogenetic clades (C. obsoletus clade O2, C. obsoletus clade dark and one not yet named and identified) within C. obsoletus. These analyses also revealed two intra-specific clades within C. scoticus and raised questions about the taxonomic status of C. montanus. Conclusions: To our knowledge, our study provides the first genetic characterization of the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex on a large geographical scale and allows a revision of the current taxonomic classification for an important group of vector species of livestock viruses in the Palaearctic region.[Figure not available: See fulltext.] 000089741 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/ECDC/OC-EFSA-AHAW-2013-02-FWC1 VectorNet$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/727393/EU/Understanding pathogen, livestock, environment interactions involving bluetongue virus/PALE-Blu$$9This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 727393-PALE-Blu 000089741 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000089741 590__ $$a3.876$$b2020 000089741 591__ $$aTROPICAL MEDICINE$$b3 / 23 = 0.13$$c2020$$dQ1$$eT1 000089741 591__ $$aPARASITOLOGY$$b8 / 38 = 0.211$$c2020$$dQ1$$eT1 000089741 592__ $$a1.403$$b2020 000089741 593__ $$aParasitology$$c2020$$dQ1 000089741 593__ $$aInfectious Diseases$$c2020$$dQ1 000089741 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000089741 700__ $$aGarros, C. 000089741 700__ $$aGardès, L. 000089741 700__ $$aBalenghien, T. 000089741 700__ $$aDuhayon, M. 000089741 700__ $$aRakotoarivony, I. 000089741 700__ $$aTabourin, L. 000089741 700__ $$aPoujol, L. 000089741 700__ $$aMathieu, B. 000089741 700__ $$aIbañez-Justicia, A. 000089741 700__ $$aDeniz, A. 000089741 700__ $$aCvetkovikj, A. 000089741 700__ $$aPurse, B.V. 000089741 700__ $$aRamilo, D.W. 000089741 700__ $$aStougiou, D. 000089741 700__ $$aWerner, D. 000089741 700__ $$aPudar, D. 000089741 700__ $$aPetric, D. 000089741 700__ $$aVeronesi, E. 000089741 700__ $$aJacobs, F. 000089741 700__ $$aKampen, H. 000089741 700__ $$aPereira Da Fonseca, I. 000089741 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-0663-8411$$aLucientes, J.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000089741 700__ $$aNavarro, J. 000089741 700__ $$aDe La Puente, J.M. 000089741 700__ $$aStefanovska, J. 000089741 700__ $$aSearle, K.R. 000089741 700__ $$aKhallaayoune, K. 000089741 700__ $$aCulverwell, C.L. 000089741 700__ $$aLarska, M. 000089741 700__ $$aBourquia, M. 000089741 700__ $$aGoffredo, M. 000089741 700__ $$aBisia, M. 000089741 700__ $$aEngland, M. 000089741 700__ $$aRobin, M. 000089741 700__ $$aQuaglia, M. 000089741 700__ $$aMiranda-Chueca, M.Á. 000089741 700__ $$aBødker, R. 000089741 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-7483-046X$$aEstrada-Penã, R.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000089741 700__ $$aCarpenter, S. 000089741 700__ $$aTchakarova, S. 000089741 700__ $$aBoutsini, S. 000089741 700__ $$aSviland, S. 000089741 700__ $$aSchäfer, S.M. 000089741 700__ $$aOzolina¸ 000089741 700__ $$a, Z. 000089741 700__ $$aSeglina¸ 000089741 700__ $$a, Z. 000089741 700__ $$aVatansever, Z. 000089741 700__ $$aHuber, K. 000089741 7102_ $$11009$$2773$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Patología Animal$$cÁrea Sanidad Animal 000089741 773__ $$g13, 1 (2020), 265 [13 pp]$$pParasites & Vectors$$tParasites and Vectors$$x1756-3305 000089741 8564_ $$s1800877$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/89741/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000089741 8564_ $$s39628$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/89741/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000089741 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:89741$$particulos$$pdriver 000089741 951__ $$a2021-09-02-09:53:54 000089741 980__ $$aARTICLE