000095402 001__ 95402 000095402 005__ 20221004075838.0 000095402 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3390/su12125152 000095402 0248_ $$2sideral$$a119208 000095402 037__ $$aART-2020-119208 000095402 041__ $$aeng 000095402 100__ $$aGarcía-Gil, A. 000095402 245__ $$aNested shallow geothermal systems 000095402 260__ $$c2020 000095402 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000095402 5203_ $$aThe long-term sustainability of shallow geothermal systems in dense urbanized areas can be potentially compromised by the existence of thermal interfaces. Thermal interferences between systems have to be avoided to prevent the loss of system performance. Nevertheless, in this work we provide evidence of a positive feedback from thermal interferences in certain controlled situations. Two real groundwater heat pump systems were investigated using real exploitation data sets to estimate the thermal energy demand bias and, by extrapolation, to assess the nature of thermal interferences between the systems. To do that, thermal interferences were modelled by means of a calibrated and validated 3D city-scale numerical model reproducing groundwater flow and heat transport. Results obtained showed a 39% (522 MWh·yr-1) energy imbalance towards cooling for one of the systems, which generated a hot thermal plume towards the downgradient and second system investigated. The nested system in the hot thermal plume only used groundwater for heating, thus establishing a positive symbiotic relationship between them. Considering the energy balance of both systems together, a reduced 9% imbalance was found, hence ensuring the long-term sustainability and renewability of the shallow geothermal resource exploited. The nested geothermal systems described illustrate the possibilities of a new management strategy in shallow geothermal energy governance. 000095402 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/731166/EU/Establishing the European Geological Surveys Research Area to deliver a Geological Service for Europe/GeoERA$$9This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 731166-GeoERA 000095402 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000095402 590__ $$a3.251$$b2020 000095402 592__ $$a0.611$$b2020 000095402 591__ $$aENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES$$b124 / 273 = 0.454$$c2020$$dQ2$$eT2 000095402 593__ $$aEnergy Engineering and Power Technology$$c2020$$dQ1 000095402 591__ $$aENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES$$b60 / 125 = 0.48$$c2020$$dQ2$$eT2 000095402 593__ $$aEnvironmental Science (miscellaneous)$$c2020$$dQ1 000095402 591__ $$aGREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY$$b30 / 44 = 0.682$$c2020$$dQ3$$eT3 000095402 593__ $$aRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment$$c2020$$dQ1 000095402 591__ $$aGREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY$$b6 / 9 = 0.667$$c2020$$dQ3$$eT3 000095402 593__ $$aManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law$$c2020$$dQ1 000095402 593__ $$aGeography, Planning and Development$$c2020$$dQ1 000095402 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000095402 700__ $$aMoreno, M.M. 000095402 700__ $$aSchneider, E.G. 000095402 700__ $$aMarazuela, M.A. 000095402 700__ $$aAbesser, C. 000095402 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-8235-9580$$aLázaro, J.M.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000095402 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-8286-4088$$aNavarro, J.A.S.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000095402 7102_ $$12000$$2427$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ciencias de la Tierra$$cÁrea Geodinámica Externa 000095402 773__ $$g12, 12 (2020), 12125152 [13 pp]$$pSustainability (Basel)$$tSustainability (Switzerland)$$x2071-1050 000095402 8564_ $$s5115141$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/95402/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000095402 8564_ $$s490281$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/95402/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000095402 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:95402$$particulos$$pdriver 000095402 951__ $$a2022-10-03-13:32:54 000095402 980__ $$aARTICLE