99161 20250131122003.0 doi 10.3390/su13010049 sideral 122664 ART-2021-122664 eng Escalona-Orcao, A. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-8275-6201 Cultural and creative ecosystems in medium-sized cities: Evolution in times of economic crisis and pandemic 2021 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted This article seeks to forecast the short-and medium-term impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on the cultural and creative ecosystems of the 81 cities in Spain with between 50, 000 and 100, 000 inhabitants. Data on employment in nine sectors (per NACE Rev. 2) support the characterization of cultural ecosystems based on their dynamism, specialization, and propensity to form clusters (thanks to the co-location of certain sectors, meant to generate inter-sectoral spillovers and cross-sector synergies). The applied methodology consists of comparing these three attributes during and following the 2008 financial crisis. Then, any changes observed are interpreted in light of arguments from the COVID-19 literature, and from our own analysis, in order to assess the probability of recurrence (or nonrecurrence) during the current pandemic. Throughout this process, the metropolitan or non-metropolitan position of cities is taken into consideration. A first conclusion is that, as in the financial crisis, the behavior of ecosystems during the pandemic will be asymmetric. Secondly, metropolitan and non-metropolitan cities will maintain their distinctive sectoral specializations. Non-metropolitan cities appear to be more vulnerable for their strong connection to creative sectors most affected by the pandemic, although some can take advantage of good cultural supply and proximity to metropolitan centers. Metropolitan cities seem more secure, thanks to the higher presence of less vulnerable sectors (due to elevated and accelerating digitization). Nevertheless, most functional clusters were diminished during the financial crisis, and it seems unlikely that sectoral co-locations will re-emerge in a post-pandemic scenario as a business strategy, at least in the short term. Beyond these forecasts, we recommend dealing with certain structural failures of these ecosystems, especially the vulnerability and precariousness of most cultural and creative companies and workers. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/CSO2017-83603-C2-1-R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/CSO2017-83603-C2-2-R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/UZ/IUCA info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 3.889 2021 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 133 / 279 = 0.477 2021 Q2 T2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 57 / 128 = 0.445 2021 Q2 T2 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 35 / 47 = 0.745 2021 Q3 T3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 7 / 9 = 0.778 2021 Q4 T3 0.664 2021 Energy Engineering and Power Technology 2021 Q1 Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment 2021 Q1 Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law 2021 Q1 Geography, Planning and Development 2021 Q1 5.0 2021 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Barrado-Timón, D.A. Escolano-Utrilla, S. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-3489-0692 Sánchez-Valverde, B. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-4098-8212 Navarro-Pérez, M. Pinillos-García, M. Sáez-Pérez, L.A. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-2228-7861 2007 265 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Métodos Estadísticos Área Estadís. Investig. Opera. 4014 225 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Economía Aplicada Área Economía Aplicada 3006 435 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Geograf. Ordenac.Territ. Área Geografía Humana 13, 1 (2021), 49 [24 pp] Sustainability (Basel) Sustainability (Switzerland) 2071-1050 Datos afiliación y empresas en Cultura 2019 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14741660 729504 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/99161/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2784604 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/99161/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:99161 articulos driver 2025-01-31-12:18:28 ARTICLE