@article{JiménezAlcalde:48019,
author = "Jiménez Alcalde, Vera and Reyes Gonzáles, Marcos César",
title = "{Fisioterapia Gineco-Obstétrica en la prevención de
traumatismo perineal en el parto y disfunciones del suelo
pélvico postparto}",
year = "2015",
note = "INTRODUCTION: Pelvic floor dysfunction is related to
pregnancy and childbirth, due to a great mechanical
requirement of muscle-connective and nerve tissue. The
suffering of perineal trauma during childbirth is frequent.
Therefore, they must be subject to intervention in
prevention from the field of Obstetric and Gynecological
Physiotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To study the existing scientific
evidence about the intervention of obstetric and
gynecological physiotherapy in the prevention of perineal
trauma and postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction. METHODS:
The search has been done in Pubmed, Science Direct,
Dialnet, PEDro and Alcorze. The selected studies should be
systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials and
metha-analysis, published between 2005 and 2015, which
addressed the prevention of perineal birth trauma and
postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction. The methological
quality has been valued through PEDro scale. Finally, 12
articles were included to analyze. RESULTS: Antenatal
perineal massage undertaken in the second phase of
childbirth increases the likelihood of the perineal
integrity; while in prenatal period, it has no protective
or harmful effect. Working with EPI-NO® device, between
37th week of pregnancy and childbirth, reduces the risk of
perineal trauma during childbirth. And the training of
pelvic floor muscle shows a lower incidence of urinary
incontinence in pregnancy and the postpartum period,
increasing the strength of the muscles and the
intraurethral pressure. CONCLUSION: The application of
obstetric and gynecological physiotherapy has a perineal
protective effect, reducing the incidence of pelvic floor
dysfunction. Thus, the importance of the awareness and
motivation for its prevention arises as the need for
further investigation. Key Words: pelvic floor dysfunction,
perineal trauma, the pelvic floor muscle, obstetric and
gynecological physiotherapy, urinary incontinence.",
}