The effect of a high-impact jumping intervention on bone mass, bone stiffness and fitness parameters in adolescent athletes

Vlachopoulos, D. ; Barker, A.R. ; Ubago-Guisado, E. ; Williams, C.A. ; Gracia-Marco, L.

Resumen: This study demonstrates that a 9-month jumping intervention can improve bone mass gains and physical fitness performance in adolescent males participating in non-osteogenic sports, such as swimming and cycling.
Purpose
To examine the effect of a jumping intervention on bone mass, bone stiffness and fitness parameters in adolescents involved in different sports.
Methods
Ninety-three adolescent male swimmers (SWI), footballers (FOO) and cyclists (CYC) were randomised to intervention (INT) and sport (INT-SWI = 19, INT-FOO = 15, INT-CYC = 14) or sport only (CON-SWI = 18, CON-FOO = 15, CON-CYC = 12) groups. The 9-month jumping intervention consisted of 3 levels (12 weeks each) of 20 repetitions per set of counter movement jumps (CMJ) using adjustable weight vests (level 1 = 20 CMJ jumps/set, 0 kg, 3 sets/day, 3 times/week; level 2 = 20 CMJ jumps/set, 2 kg, 4 sets/day, 3 times/week; level 3 = 20 CMJ jumps/set, 5 kg, 4 sets/day, 4 times/week). Total body bone mineral content (BMC) at total body less head (TBLH) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bone stiffness using quantitative ultrasound. Fitness was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run (20mSRT), CMJ and standing long jump (SLJ) tests.
Results
INT-SWI had significantly higher increase in BMC legs and bone stiffness compared to CON-SWI (4.2–12.7%). INT-CYC had significantly higher increase in BMC at TBLH and legs and bone stiffness compared to CON-CYC (5.0–12.3%). There were no significant differences between INT-FOO and CON-FOO in any bone outcomes (0.9–3.9%). The increase in CMJ performance was significantly higher in INT-SWI (3.1 cm) and INT-CYC (3.2 cm) compared to CON-SWI and CON-CYC groups, respectively.
Conclusions
A 9-month jumping intervention can improve bone mass, bone stiffness and muscular fitness in adolescent males participating in non-osteogenic sports, such as swimming and cycling.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1007/s11657-018-0543-4

Año: 2018

Publicado en: Archives of Osteoporosis 13, 1 (2018), 128 [12 pp]
ISSN: 1862-3522

Factor impacto JCR: 2.469 (2018)

Categ. JCR: ORTHOPEDICS rank: 24 / 76 = 0.316 (2018) - Q2 - T1
Categ. JCR: ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM rank: 93 / 145 = 0.641 (2018) - Q3 - T2

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 0.813 - Orthopedics and Sports Medicine (Q2)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/618496/EU/Effect of a program of short bouts of exercise on bone health in adolescents involved in different sports/PRO-BONE

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)