Gender-based differences by age range in patients hospitalized with covid-19: A Spanish observational cohort study

Josa-Laorden, Claudia (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Crestelo-Vieitez, Anxela (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; García Andreu, María del Mar (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Rubio-Rivas, Manuel ; Sánchez, Marcos ; Toledo Samaniego, Neera ; Arnalich Fernández, Francisco ; Iguaran Bermudez, Rosario ; Fonseca Aizpuru, Eva María ; Vargas Núñez, Juan Antonio ; Pesqueira Fontan, Paula María ; Serrano Ballesteros, Jorge ; Freire Castro, Santiago Jesús ; Pestaña Fernández, Melania ; Viana García, Alba ; Nuñez Rodriguez, Victoria ; Giner-Galvan, Vicente ; Carrasco Sánchez, Francisco Javier ; Hernández Millán, Almudena ; Cobos-Siles, Marta ; Napal Lecumberri, José Javier ; Herrero García, Virginia ; Pascual Pérez, María de los Reyes ; Millán Núñez-Cortés, Jesús ; Casas Rojo, José Manuel

Resumen: There is some evidence that male gender could have a negative impact on the prognosis and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of the present study was to compare the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between hospitalized men and women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. This multicenter, retrospective, observational study is based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry. We analyzed the differences between men and women for a wide variety of demographic, clinical, and treatment variables, and the sex distribution of the reported COVID-19 deaths, as well as intensive care unit (ICU) admission by age subgroups. This work analyzed 12, 063 patients (56.8% men). The women in our study were older than the men, on average (67.9 vs. 65.7 years; p < 001). Bilateral condensation was more frequent among men than women (31.8% vs. 29.9%; p = 0.007). The men needed non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation more frequently (5.6% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.001, and 7.9% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). The most prevalent complication was acute respiratory distress syndrome, with severe cases in 19.9% of men (p < 0.001). In men, intensive care unit admission was more frequent (10% vs. 6.1%; p < 0.001) and the mortality rate was higher (23.1% vs. 18.9%; p < 0.001). Regarding mortality, the differences by gender were statistically significant in the age groups from 55 years to 89 years of age. A multivariate analysis showed that female sex was significantly and independently associated with a lower risk of mortality in our study. Male sex appears to be related to worse progress in COVID-19 patients and is an independent prognostic factor for mortality. In order to fully understand its prognostic impact, other factors associated with sex must be considered.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050899

Año: 2021

Publicado en: Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, 5 (2021), [21 pp.]
ISSN: 2077-0383

Factor impacto JCR: 4.964 (2021)

Categ. JCR: MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL rank: 55 / 172 = 0.32 (2021) - Q2 - T1

Factor impacto CITESCORE: 4.4 - Medicine (Q2)

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 1.04 - Medicine (miscellaneous) (Q1)

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Area Medicina (Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm.)