Prevalencia de infección por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes y profesionales de un hospital de media y larga estancia en España

Moreno Borraz, L.A. ; Giménez López, M. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Carrera Lasfuentes, P. ; González Pérez, E. ; Ortíz Domingo, C. ; Bonafonte Marteles, J.L. ; Vicente Gaspar, C. ; Amorós de la Nieta, F. ; Sastre Heres, A. ; García Forcada, Á.L. ; Serrano Herrero, M.P. ; Fernández Doblado, S. ; Espinosa Val, M.C. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Fernández Adarve, M.M. ; Narvión Carriquiri, A. ; Arto Maza, F. ; Barea Gil, M. ; Aznar Vázquez, I. ; Sisas Rubio, R. ; González Tejedor, R. ; Florentín Ostáriz, E. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; López Santed, C. ; Molina Morales, A.R. ; Parrilla Binué, S. ; Pérez Sans, J. ; García Mena, M. ; Moragrega Cardona, B. ; Luzón Alonso, M. ; Díaz Mora, F. ; Gil Acebes, J.C. ; Rubio Morilla, Y. ; Lou Lou, R. ; Zabala Lahoz, R.B. ; Coarasa Lirón de Robles, A. (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: Background and goals: The aim of the study is to know the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients and professional staff of a medium or long-stay hospital during the peak period of the pandemic in Spain, spring 2020.
Material and methods: At the end of February 2020, we developed at the hospital a strategy to diagnose the SARS-CoV-2 infection consisting of complementing the realization of PCR tests at real time with a quick technique of lateral flow immunochromatography to detect IgG and IgM antibodies against the virus. We also developed a protocol to realize those diagnostic tests and considered an infection (current or past) a positive result in any of the above tests. We included 524 participants in the study (230 patients and 294 hospital staff), and divided them into hospital patients and Hemodialysis outpatients. Furthermore, we divided the hospital staff into healthcare and non-healthcare staff. The documented period was from March, 20th to April, 21st, 2020.
Results: 26 out of 230 patients tested positive in any of the diagnostic techniques (PCR, antibodies IgG, IgM) with a 11.30% prevalence. According to patients groups, we got a 14.38% prevalence in hospital patients vs. 5.95% in outpatients, with a significantly higher risk in admitted patients after adjustment for age and gender (OR=3, 309, 95%CI: 1, 154-9, 495). 24 out of 294 hospital staff tested positive in any of the diagnostic techniques, with a 8.16% prevalence. According to the groups, we got a 8.91% prevalence in healthcare staff vs. 4.26% in non-healthcare staff. Thus, we do not see any statistically significant differences between hospital staff and patients as far as prevalence is concerned (P=0, 391), (OR=2, 200, 95%CI: 0, 500-9, 689).
Conclusions: The result of the study was a quite low prevalence rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in both patients and hospital staff, being the hospital patients’ prevalence rate higher than the outpatients’, and the healthcare staff higher than the non-healthcare''s. Combining PCR tests (gold standard) with antibodies tests proved useful as a diagnostic strategy.

Idioma: Español

DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2020.10.005

Año: 2021

Publicado en: Revista Espanola de Geriatria y Gerontologia 56, 2 (2021), 75-80
ISSN: 0211-139X

Factor impacto CITESCORE: 1.3 - Medicine (Q3) - Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Q4)

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 0.243 - Geriatrics and Gerontology (Q4) - Aging (Q4)

Tipo y forma: Article (PostPrint)

Área (Departamento): Área Enfermería (Dpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería)
Área (Departamento): Area Medicina (Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm.)
Área (Departamento): Área Cirugía (Dpto. Cirugía)