Nanotransportadores basados en copolímeros bloque ortogonalmente funcionalizables mediante química "click"

Bescós Ramo, Sara
Piñol Lacambra, Milagros (dir.) ; Oriol Langa, Luis T. (dir.)

Universidad de Zaragoza, CIEN, 2021
Departamento de Química Orgánica, Área de Química Orgánica

Máster en Materiales Nanoestructurados para Aplicaciones Nanotecnológicas (Nanostructured Materials for Nanotechnology Applications)

Resumen: Amphiphilic block copolymers are promising materials for drug delivery due to their ability to form self-assemblies in aqueous solution, which are able to both encapsulate and transport drugs. In order to specifically aim the target tissue, drugs’ release can be controlled if stimuli-responsive moieties are incorporated to the macromolecular structure. Polycarbonate-based copolymers have been studied as drug delivery systems because of their biocompatibility and biodegradability. The use of cyclic carbonates as monomers and their subsequent ring opening polymerization (ROP) provides a high control of molecular mass and dispersity. Moreover, those derived from 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (bis-MPA) enable the incorporation of functionality onto its carboxyl group and, through various post-polymerization stages, their modification with stimuli-responsive units can be developed.
The aim of this Final Master Project is the synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic and stimuli-responsive block copolycarbonates, as well as the study of their selfassembly in water to form polymeric aggregates. To this end, it has been developed a synthetic approach for orthogonal clickable block copolycarbonates, based on allylic and propargylic pendant groups, which are able to be selectively functionalized with hydrophilic/hydrophobic stimuli-responsive moieties by widely-reported click reactions.
For this purpose, ROP of MAC monomer has been studied in order to synthetize an allyl-based homopolymer, PMAC, which has been functionalized through radical thiolene reaction with hydrosoluble thiols. Consequently, hydrosoluble and thermoresponsive polymers that show LCST behavior have been prepared, proving that they can be useful as hydrophilic block in the preparation of block copolycarbonates. Moreover, copolymerization of PMAC homopolymer and MPC monomer and the subsequent orthogonal post-polymerization modifications have been carried out. The combination of CuAAC and radical thiol-ene reactions has leaded to the synthesis of thermoresponsive amphiphilic block copolycarbonates that show self-assembly in water, and to the preparation of amphiphilic and potentially thermo and light-responsive block copolycarbonates.

Tipo de Trabajo Académico: Trabajo Fin de Master