000117476 001__ 117476 000117476 005__ 20240319081001.0 000117476 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3389/fmicb.2022.834793 000117476 0248_ $$2sideral$$a128782 000117476 037__ $$aART-2022-128782 000117476 041__ $$aeng 000117476 100__ $$aHayer, S. S. 000117476 245__ $$aGlobal distribution of fluoroquinolone and colistin resistance and associated resistance markers in escherichia coli of swine origin – a systematic review and meta-analysis 000117476 260__ $$c2022 000117476 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000117476 5203_ $$aBackground: Fluoroquinolones and polymyxins (colistin) are considered as critical drugs for human medicine. Antimicrobials of these classes are also used in swine production worldwide and this usage can contribute to selection of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is a threat to both human and animal health. Given the dynamic epidemiology of AMR, updating our knowledge regarding distribution and trends in the proportion of resistant bacteria is of critical importance. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to describe the global prevalence of phenotypic and genotypic resistance to fluoroquinolones and colistin in Escherichia coli collected from swine. Results: Four databases (PubMed, PubAg, Web of Science, and CAB abstracts) and reports of national surveillance programs were scanned and 360 articles were included in the analysis. We identified higher prevalence levels of fluoroquinolone and colistin resistance in isolates from pig populations in Asia compared to Europe. The heterogeneity of pooled estimates was also higher in Asian countries suggesting that prevalence of AMR is still not fully characterized. There was a major knowledge gap about the situation of AMR in South American and African countries. We also identified key deficiencies in how AMR data was reported in the studies. A meta-analysis using 6, 167 publicly available genomes of swine E. coli established the prevalence and global distribution of genetic determinants that can lead to fluoroquinolone and colistin resistance. Conclusion: This study provides the most comprehensive information on prevalence of phenotypic and genotypic resistance to key antimicrobials in pig populations globally. There is a need to establish national surveillance programs and effective policies, particularly in certain world regions, to curtail the threat of evolution of resistant isolates in swine production that can potentially contribute to public health detrimentally. Copyright © 2022 Hayer, Casanova-Higes, Paladino, Elnekave, Nault, Johnson, Bender, Perez and Alvarez. 000117476 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000117476 590__ $$a5.2$$b2022 000117476 592__ $$a1.19$$b2022 000117476 591__ $$aMICROBIOLOGY$$b38 / 135 = 0.281$$c2022$$dQ2$$eT1 000117476 593__ $$aMicrobiology (medical)$$c2022$$dQ1 000117476 593__ $$aMicrobiology$$c2022$$dQ1 000117476 594__ $$a7.8$$b2022 000117476 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000117476 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-9340-0665$$aCasanova-Higes, A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000117476 700__ $$aPaladino, E. 000117476 700__ $$aElnekave, E. 000117476 700__ $$aNault, A. 000117476 700__ $$aJohnson, T. 000117476 700__ $$aBender, J. 000117476 700__ $$aPerez, A. 000117476 700__ $$aAlvarez, J. 000117476 7102_ $$11009$$2773$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Patología Animal$$cÁrea Sanidad Animal 000117476 773__ $$g13, 834793 (2022), [13 pp]$$pFront. microbiol.$$tFrontiers in Microbiology$$x1664-302X 000117476 8564_ $$s2543101$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/117476/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000117476 8564_ $$s2410221$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/117476/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000117476 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:117476$$particulos$$pdriver 000117476 951__ $$a2024-03-18-14:10:06 000117476 980__ $$aARTICLE