Hypothesis testing on the planktic foraminiferal survival model after the KPB mass extinction: evidence from Tunisia and Algeria

Arenillas, Ignacio (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Arz, Jose A. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Metsana-Oussaid, Fariza ; Gilabert, Vicente (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Belhai, Djelloul

Resumen: A historical review of the extinction, survival, and evolutionary models of planktic foraminifera proposed for the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary (KPB) mass extinction event sometimes leaves the impression that there is still no conclusive evidence to support any single one of them. Two main models have been put forward: i) catastrophic mass extinction, almost total for some authors, compatible with the geologically instantaneous paleoenvironmental effects of a large meteorite impact (Chicxulub impact, Mexico); and ii) gradual mass extinction, compatible with the paleoenvironmental effects of massive, long-lasting volcanism (Deccan Traps, India). Over the years, a lot of evidence has been proposed supporting one hypothesis or the other, highlighting isotopic (delta O-18, delta C-13, Sr-87/Sr-86) as well as taphonomic, biostratigraphic, quantitative (relative and/or absolute abundance), phylogenetic, and even teratological. We review previous planktic foraminiferal and stable isotope studies, and provide new quantitative and statistical tests from two pelagic sections: the El Kef section (Tunisia), recognized as the most continuous and expanded lowermost Danian section worldwide, and the Sidi Ziane section (Algeria), affected by relevant hiatus in the lower Danian. The results indicate that all the latest Maastrichtian planktic foraminiferal species except those of Guembelitria went extinct exactly at the KPB, supporting the hypothesis of an almost total extinction. In the light of this new evidence, we maintain that the Maastrichtian planktic foraminiferal specimens found worldwide in lower Danian samples could be the result of similar reworking and vertical mixing processes to those at El Kef and Sidi Ziane.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.3897/fr.25.79958

Año: 2022

Publicado en: Fossil record. 25, 1 (2022), 43-63
ISSN: 2193-0066

Factor impacto JCR: 1.4 (2022)

Categ. JCR: PALEONTOLOGY rank: 30 / 54 = 0.556 (2022) - Q3 - T2

Factor impacto CITESCORE: 2.5 - Earth and Planetary Sciences (Q3)

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 0.36 - Paleontology (Q3)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/E33-20R
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/BES-2016-077800
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-FEDER/PGC2018-093890-B-I00

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Área Paleontología (Dpto. Ciencias de la Tierra)