Resumen: This article offers a critical review of the Spanish Plan Estratégico Nacional de Lucha Contra la Radicalización Violenta (National Strategic Plan to Fight Violent Radicalization or “PEN-LCRV”), focusing on its most controversial discursive elements. While it is not possible to perform a complete empirical examination of its impact after five years, we can highlight some if its achievements, effects and shortcomings. Through a review of the key concepts and logic underlying the PEN-LCRV, this article considers how the notion of security can enable the design and implementation of public policies, as well as the current trends regarding the relationship between social protection and punitive control. Idioma: Inglés DOI: 10.1007/s10612-021-09596-8 Año: 2021 Publicado en: Critical criminology 29, 4 (2021), 817-835 ISSN: 1205-8629 Factor impacto JCR: 2.109 (2021) Categ. JCR: CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY rank: 32 / 69 = 0.464 (2021) - Q2 - T2 Factor impacto CITESCORE: 3.4 - Social Sciences (Q1)