Anaemia in Sheep Caused by Babesia and Theileria Haemoparasites

Villanueva-Saz, Sergio (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Borobia, Marta (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Fernández, Antonio (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Jiménez, Calasanz ; Yzuel, Andrés ; Verde, María Teresa (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Ramo, María Ángeles (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Figueras, Luis (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Ruíz, Héctor (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: Piroplasmoses in sheep are caused by vector-borne apicomplexan protozoa, Babesia and Theileria. Different species are responsible for the disease; some species are more pathogenic than others and have a worldwide distribution. In this sense, these causative agents can cause anaemia in flocks. In general, these vector-borne diseases infect small ruminants and cause host-mediated pathology. In the case of Babesia species, a combination of different mechanisms is involved: red blood cell lysis due to intracellular parasite multiplication, activation of biogenic amines and the coagulation system with the possibility of disseminated intravascular coagulation. By contrast, less information is available on the different immunopathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of anaemia in sheep with theileriosis. However, the mechanisms of pathogenic action in theileriosis are similar to those studied in babesiosis. Diagnosis is based on compatible clinical signs, laboratory findings, specific diagnostic tests and the presence of the tick vector. Some of these tests detect the causative agent itself, such as direct identification by light microscopy and molecular analysis. In contrast, other tests detect the sheep’s immune response to the organism by serology. Both diseases pose a significant diagnostic challenge for veterinary practitioners around the world. This review presents the most frequent clinical signs, pathogenesis and clinicopathological findings, diagnosis.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.3390/ani12233341

Año: 2022

Publicado en: Animals 12, 23 (2022), 3341 [15 pp.]
ISSN: 2076-2615

Factor impacto JCR: 3.0 (2022)

Categ. JCR: VETERINARY SCIENCES rank: 13 / 144 = 0.09 (2022) - Q1 - T1
Categ. JCR: AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE rank: 12 / 62 = 0.194 (2022) - Q1 - T1

Factor impacto CITESCORE: 4.2 - Veterinary (Q1) - Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Q2)

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 0.684 - Veterinary (miscellaneous) (Q1) - Animal Science and Zoology (Q1)

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)

Área (Departamento): Área Medicina y Cirugía Animal (Dpto. Patología Animal)