Resumen: Jean-François Peyron (1748-1784) wrote one of the most important and exhaustive travel accounts of 18th-century Spain. The pages of Nouveau Voyage en Espagne do not only concern this country, but also address aspects related to the lands conquered by the Spanish in America. The present study deals with the reflections that the New World suggests to the author with respect to characters and events linked to different fields such as Science, History and Economics. Peyron’s observations are generally exact and objective, but at times they introduce wrong information or judgements that may provoke controversy. Idioma: Francés DOI: 10.25145/j.cedille.2021.20.11 Año: 2021 Publicado en: Cedille : revista de estudios franceses 20 (2021), 193-213 ISSN: 1699-4949 Factor impacto CITESCORE: 0.1 - Social Sciences (Q4)