000121295 001__ 121295 000121295 005__ 20230519145521.0 000121295 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01705 000121295 0248_ $$2sideral$$a126818 000121295 037__ $$aART-2021-126818 000121295 041__ $$aeng 000121295 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-9091-672X$$aAfailal, Zainab$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000121295 245__ $$aAntioxidant additives produced from Argan shell lignin depolymerization 000121295 260__ $$c2021 000121295 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000121295 5203_ $$aThe present work summarizes the results of an experimental study focused on producing antioxidant additives for biofuels from argan shell lignin. The generation of this waste has noticeably increased in specific regions of Morocco as a result of the upward trend in the production of argan oil. Lignin extracted from argan shells via a semi-chemical pulping process was depolymerized under hydrothermal conditions in a stirred autoclave reactor at a temperature range of 250-350 °C. Lignin conversion to phenolic compounds was conducted in subcritical water together with different reaction medium (H2, CO2, and HCOOH). The organic fraction in the aqueous liquid product was extracted and blended with biodiesel at a dosage of 1 wt % to evaluate its antioxidant potential. According to the obtained results, the biodiesel oxidation stability time was drastically improved up to 400%. The depolymerization temperature was observed as a critical factor in the antioxidant potential of the additives, showing a maximum value at 300 °C, regardless of the reaction medium. An extensive characterization of the produced additives was performed. The phenolic monomers present in the produced additives were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, finding a notable presence of catechol, especially in the additives obtained at 300 °C, which led to the best results of biodiesel oxidation stability. Gel permeation chromatography analyses of the additives also showed a well dissolution of relatively big molecules (up to 7000 Da) in biodiesel. More efforts are required to verify the actual antioxidant potential of these types of molecules. 000121295 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA-FEDER/T22-20R$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/ENE2017-85040-R 000121295 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000121295 590__ $$a4.654$$b2021 000121295 591__ $$aENGINEERING, CHEMICAL$$b45 / 143 = 0.315$$c2021$$dQ2$$eT1 000121295 591__ $$aENERGY & FUELS$$b63 / 119 = 0.529$$c2021$$dQ3$$eT2 000121295 592__ $$a0.822$$b2021 000121295 593__ $$aChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)$$c2021$$dQ1 000121295 593__ $$aEnergy Engineering and Power Technology$$c2021$$dQ1 000121295 594__ $$a6.3$$b2021 000121295 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000121295 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-8704-9274$$aGil-Lalaguna, Noemi$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000121295 700__ $$aTorrijos, María Teresa 000121295 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-8960-2689$$aGonzalo, Alberto$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000121295 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-5959-3168$$aArauzo, Jesús$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000121295 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-9705-2207$$aSánchez, José Luis$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000121295 7102_ $$15005$$2555$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ing.Quím.Tecnol.Med.Amb.$$cÁrea Ingeniería Química 000121295 7102_ $$15005$$2790$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ing.Quím.Tecnol.Med.Amb.$$cÁrea Tecnologi. Medio Ambiente 000121295 773__ $$g35, 21 (2021), 17149-17166$$pEnergy fuels$$tEnergy and Fuels$$x0887-0624 000121295 8564_ $$s3970389$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/121295/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000121295 8564_ $$s2917178$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/121295/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000121295 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:121295$$particulos$$pdriver 000121295 951__ $$a2023-05-18-15:23:08 000121295 980__ $$aARTICLE