Oscillator Selection Strategies to Optimize a Physically Unclonable Function for IoT Systems Security

Aparicio-Téllez, Raúl (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Garcia-Bosque, Miguel (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Díez-Señorans, Guillermo (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Celma, Santiago (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: Physically unclonable functions avoid storing secret information in non-volatile memories and only generate a key when it is necessary for an application, rising as a promising solution for the authentication of resource-constrained IoT devices. However, the need to minimize the predictability of physically unclonable functions is evident. The main purpose of this work is to determine the optimal way to construct a physically unclonable function. To do this, a ring oscillator physically unclonable function based on comparing oscillators in pairs has been implemented in an FPGA. This analysis shows that the frequencies of the oscillators greatly vary depending on their position in the FPGA, especially between oscillators implemented in different types of slices. Furthermore, the influence of the chosen locations of the ring oscillators on the quality of the physically unclonable function has been analyzed and we propose five strategies to select the locations of the oscillators. Among the strategies proposed, two of them stand out for their high uniqueness, reproducibility, and identifiability, so they can be used for authentication purposes. Finally, we have analyzed the reproducibility for the best strategy facing voltage and temperature variations, showing that it remains stable in the studied range.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.3390/s23094410

Año: 2023

Publicado en: Sensors 23, 9 (2023), 4410 [18 pp.]
ISSN: 1424-8220

Factor impacto JCR: 3.4 (2023)

Categ. JCR: CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL rank: 34 / 106 = 0.321 (2023) - Q2 - T1
Categ. JCR: INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION rank: 24 / 76 = 0.316 (2023) - Q2 - T1
Categ. JCR: ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC rank: 122 / 353 = 0.346 (2023) - Q2 - T2

Factor impacto CITESCORE: 7.3 - Instrumentation (Q1) - Information Systems (Q1) - Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Q1) - Analytical Chemistry (Q1) - Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics (Q1) - Biochemistry (Q2)

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 0.786 - Instrumentation (Q1) - Analytical Chemistry (Q1) - Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics (Q1) - Information Systems (Q2) - Medicine (miscellaneous) (Q2) - Biochemistry (Q2) - Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Q2)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/PID2020-114110RA-I00
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/LMP197-21
Financiación: nfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/UZ/CUD2021-02

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)

Área (Departamento): Área Electrónica (Dpto. Ingeniería Electrón.Com.)