Resumen: This paper illustrates a case where an increase of the interest rates improves the economic activity and reduces income inequality. This theoretical exercise deals with a simple model of disequilibrium with accountant identities of budget constraints. In addition, and following previous models, the effect of the COVID-19 shock is considered, by reflecting asymmetric repercussions that increase income inequality. A simple empirical exercise confirms some of the previous results. The proposed explanation is that, for the euro area, this shock has affected more middle-income households such as the retailers harmed by the compulsory lockdown who have increased their debts. Idioma: Inglés DOI: 10.2478/jcbtp-2023-0031 Año: 2023 Publicado en: Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice 12, 3 (2023), 199-217 ISSN: 1800-9581 Factor impacto CITESCORE: 2.8 - Economics, Econometrics and Finance (all) (Q2)