000150634 001__ 150634
000150634 005__ 20251017144557.0
000150634 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112631
000150634 0248_ $$2sideral$$a142782
000150634 037__ $$aART-2025-142782
000150634 041__ $$aeng
000150634 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-4278-6622$$aPérez-Bella, José M.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000150634 245__ $$aComprehensive and enhanced characterisation of wind-driven rain exposure on building façades throughout the Netherlands
000150634 260__ $$c2025
000150634 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000150634 5203_ $$aRainwater penetration into building façades leads to multiple challenges such as material degradation, reduced energy efficiency, and adverse health effects on occupants. Wind-driven rain (WDR) caused by wind-deflecting raindrops is the primary source of this infiltration. Herein, the directional WDR exposure on façades throughout the Netherlands was characterised through the analysis of hourly climatic data from 28 weather stations spanning 2010 to 2019 using the ISO 15927–3 standard. Consequently, updated isopleth maps of annual and transient WDR exposures, along with the orientation of their directional maxima, were produced. In addition, the transient exposures associated with ISO spells (i.e., wetting periods separated by generic drying intervals of at least 96 h) were compared with those linked to enhanced spells, separated by representative drying intervals that account for potential evaporation losses depending on façade orientation and the local climate. This enhanced characterisation provides more reliable exposure assessments and a detailed understanding of their geographical variability, thereby facilitating renewed application of the ISO standard across the country. Generally, the highest WDR exposures were identified on the southwest-facing façades in the coastal regions of the southwest and north, decreasing inland and toward the southeast of the Netherlands.
000150634 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2021-122203OB-I00
000150634 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess$$aby-nc-nd$$uhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
000150634 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
000150634 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-3776-9791$$aDomínguez-Hernández, Javier$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000150634 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-5634-9357$$aOrna-Carmona, Martín
000150634 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-5585-2126$$aLópez-Julián, Pedro L.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000150634 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-0785-4132$$aIbarz-Montaner, Elena$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000150634 7102_ $$15004$$2510$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ingeniería Mecánica$$cArea Ingeniería Construcción
000150634 7102_ $$12000$$2427$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ciencias de la Tierra$$cÁrea Geodinámica Externa
000150634 7102_ $$15004$$2605$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ingeniería Mecánica$$cÁrea Mec.Med.Cont. y Teor.Est.
000150634 773__ $$g271 (2025), 112631 [13 pp.]$$pBuild. environ.$$tBuilding and Environment$$x0360-1323
000150634 8564_ $$s6276013$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/150634/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint$$zinfo:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2027-01-28
000150634 8564_ $$s1777250$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/150634/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint$$zinfo:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2027-01-28
000150634 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:150634$$particulos$$pdriver
000150634 951__ $$a2025-10-17-14:13:37
000150634 980__ $$aARTICLE