Resistance Exercise Intervention Restores Functional Capacity and Improves Frailty Biomarkers in Centenarians

Marcos-Perez, Diego ; Hernandez-Vicente, Adrián (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Cruces-Salguero, Sara ; Landa, Jon ; Bonvini, Michelle ; Vicente-Rodríguez, German (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Pueyo, Esther (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Rodriguez-Mañas, Leocadio ; Abizanda, Pedro ; Otaegui, David ; Garatachea, Nuria (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Matheu, Ander

Resumen: Background: Centenarians comprise an age group characterized by exceptional longevity and low age-associated pathologies. However, they still experience physiological decline, and different studies have linked frailty to this population. Exercise interventions reverse frailty and improve functional capacity, but no studies have addressed the effect of an intervention in centenarians. In this study, we assessed the impact of a 12-week resistance exercise intervention in a group of centenarians and characterized their functional capacity as well as the expression of several molecular biomarkers associated with frailty.
Methods: A total of 19 centenarians were enrolled, but 7 of them did not complete the study. The remaining 12 centenarians were randomly assigned to the control or intervention group, which was a 12-week resistance exercise intervention. Molecular biomarkers were measured by qRT-PCR and ELISA.
Results: The intervention group improved their functional capacity measured by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) (post 5.0 vs 2.3 in pre) and Physical Performance and Mobility Examination (PPME) (6.5 vs 3.8), as well as in frailty status studied by Fried Frailty Phenotype (3.0 vs 3.8) and Frailty Trait Scale 5 (FTS5) (post 30.7 vs 34.0 in pre) scales. ANCOVA revealed that the resistance training led to significant improvements in functional capacity scales SPPB (p = 0.01) and PPME (p < 0.001), as well as Fried Frailty Phenotype (p = 0.001) and FTS5 (p = 0.05). Biomarkers related to frailty (EGR1, miR194-5p, miR125b-5p and miR454-3p) and inflammation (IL-6 and IL-1β) showed different expression patterns in centenarians (n = 19) compared to both old (n = 44, average of 79 years old) and young adults (n = 34, average of 29 years old) groups. Notably, the intervention was associated with improvements in frailty and inflammation biomarkers expression. Finally, correlation analyses showed significant associations between all functional and frailty variables, with SPPB correlating with miR454-3p (ρ = 0.73) and FTS5 correlating with miR454-3p (ρ = −0.83), IL-6 (ρ = 0.60) and miR125b-5p (ρ = −0.55).
Conclusions: Our results revealed that resistance exercise intervention enhances functional status and reduces frailty in centenarians, and this is associated with improvements in frailty and inflammation biomarkers.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.70079

Año: 2025

Publicado en: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle 16, 5 (2025), e70079 [6 pp.]
ISSN: 2190-5991

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/T39-23R
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/DTS20-00179
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII-FEDER-PI19-01355
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII-FEDER/PI22-01905
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MECD/FPU16-05879
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2022-140556OB-I00
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EUR/MICINN/TED2021-130459B-I00
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/DEP2016-78309-R
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-FEDER/ISCIII-CB16-10-00408
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-FEDER/ISCIII-CB16-10-00464
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-FEDER/ISCIII-CB16-10-00496

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Área Educación Física y Depor. (Dpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería)
Área (Departamento): Área Teoría Señal y Comunicac. (Dpto. Ingeniería Electrón.Com.)