Multimorbidity patterns in primary care: Interactions among chronic diseases using factor analysis

Prados-Torres, A. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Poblador-Plou, B. ; Calderón-Larrañaga, A. ; Gimeno-Feliu, L. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; González-Rubio, F. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Poncel-Falcó, A. ; Sicras-Mainar, A. ; Alcalá-Nalvaiz, J. T. (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: Objectives
The primary objective of this study was to identify the existence of chronic disease multimorbidity patterns in the primary care population, describing their clinical components and analysing how these patterns change and evolve over time both in women and men. The secondary objective of this study was to generate evidence regarding the pathophysiological processes underlying multimorbidity and to understand the interactions and synergies among the various diseases.

Methods
This observational, retrospective, multicentre study utilised information from the electronic medical records of 19 primary care centres from 2008. To identify multimorbidity patterns, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out based on the tetra-choric correlations between the diagnostic information of 275,682 patients who were over 14 years of age. The analysis was stratified by age group and sex.

Results
Multimorbidity was found in all age groups, and its prevalence ranged from 13% in the 15 to 44 year age group to 67% in those 65 years of age or older. Goodness-of-fit indicators revealed sample values between 0.50 and 0.71. We identified five patterns of multimorbidity: cardio-metabolic, psychiatric-substance abuse, mechanical-obesity-thyroidal, psychogeriatric and depressive. Some of these patterns were found to evolve with age, and there were differences between men and women.

Conclusions
Non-random associations between chronic diseases result in clinically consistent multimorbidity patterns affecting a significant proportion of the population. Underlying pathophysiological phenomena were observed upon which action can be taken both from a clinical, individual-level perspective and from a public health or population-level perspective.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032190

Año: 2012

Publicado en: PLoS ONE 7, 2 (2012), e32190 [12 pp]
ISSN: 1932-6203

Factor impacto JCR: 3.73 (2012)

Categ. JCR: MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES rank: 7 / 57 = 0.123 (2012) - Q1 - T1

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Área Estadís. Investig. Opera. (Dpto. Métodos Estadísticos)
Área (Departamento): Area Medicina (Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm.)
Área (Departamento): Área Medic.Prevent.Salud Públ. (Dpto. Microb.Med.Pr.,Sal.Públ.)