000170219 001__ 170219
000170219 005__ 20260407115449.0
000170219 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107076
000170219 0248_ $$2sideral$$a148709
000170219 037__ $$aART-2024-148709
000170219 041__ $$aeng
000170219 100__ $$ade Mendoza, Carmen
000170219 245__ $$aThe incidence of HIV-2 infection in Spain is declining – a registry data analysis
000170219 260__ $$c2024
000170219 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000170219 5203_ $$aObjectives
HIV-2 infection is a neglected disease caused by a human retrovirus that causes AIDS more slowly than HIV-1. Infection with HIV-2 is endemic in West Africa. Given its differential features, guidelines recommend ruling out HIV-2 infection in all newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive individuals.
Methods
A national registry of HIV-2 cases was created in Spain in 1989, following the first report of three HIV-2+ individuals in Barcelona. The main demographics, clinical, and virological data are reported up to December 2023.
Results
A total of 424 individuals with HIV-2 infection were recorded in the Spanish registry. After a peak in 2009 when 31 cases were reported, new HIV-2 diagnoses steadily decreased. Less than 10 cases/year have been notified since the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2023, only eight cases were reported.
Mean age at HIV-2 diagnosis was 44 years old, ranging from birth to 83 years. A total of 265 (62.5%) were male. Migrants predominated, being 322 (76%) Sub-Saharan Africans; however, 60 (14.2%) were native Spaniards. Heterosexual exposure was the most likely route of infection in at least 287 (67.7%) cases. A few cases could be traced to transfusions (n = 4), vertical infection (n = 2), or injection drug use (n = 7). In addition, 15 individuals (3.5%) were men who had sex with men. Coinfection with HIV-1 was recognized in 39 (9.2%) individuals. Molecular characterization of HIV-2 subtypes was performed in 139 individuals, 121 being infected with subtype A and 18 with subtype B.
Conclusion
The annual incidence of HIV-2 infection in Spain has decreased after peaking 15 years ago, being the current number of cases below 10 per year. Three-quarters are African migrants, and two-thirds are male. Circulation of HIV-2 in Spain is limited and steadily decreasing.
000170219 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
000170219 590__ $$a4.3$$b2024
000170219 591__ $$aINFECTIOUS DISEASES$$b24 / 137 = 0.175$$c2024$$dQ1$$eT1
000170219 592__ $$a1.323$$b2024
000170219 593__ $$aInfectious Diseases$$c2024$$dQ1
000170219 593__ $$aMicrobiology (medical)$$c2024$$dQ1
000170219 593__ $$aMedicine (miscellaneous)$$c2024$$dQ1
000170219 594__ $$a12.6$$b2024
000170219 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000170219 700__ $$aLozano, Ana Belén
000170219 700__ $$aRando, Ariadna
000170219 700__ $$aNieto, Maria del Carmen
000170219 700__ $$aCebollero, Alba
000170219 700__ $$aCabezas, Teresa
000170219 700__ $$aMaciá, María Dolores
000170219 700__ $$aCortizo, Sandra
000170219 700__ $$aBasalobre, Luz
000170219 700__ $$aAldamiz, Teresa
000170219 700__ $$aPena, María José
000170219 700__ $$aSoriano, Vicente
000170219 700__ $$aSpanish HIV-2 Network
000170219 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-5134-1006$$aBenito Ruesca, Rafael$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000170219 7102_ $$11011$$2630$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Microb.Ped.Radio.Sal.Pú.$$cÁrea Microbiología
000170219 773__ $$g146 (2024), 107076 [6 pp.]$$pInt. j. infect. dis.$$tINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES$$x1201-9712
000170219 8564_ $$s1298960$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/170219/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000170219 8564_ $$s2061407$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/170219/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
000170219 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:170219$$particulos$$pdriver
000170219 951__ $$a2026-03-26-14:31:57
000170219 980__ $$aARTICLE