Diagnostic Performance of Infrared Nasal Thermography for the Detection of Enzootic Nasal Adenocarcinoma in Goats

Quilez, Pablo (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Ruiz de Arcaute, Marta (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; de las Heras, Marcelo ; Lacasta, Delia (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Guallar, David (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Balado, Javier ; González, José María ; Hedman, Carlos ; Benito, Alfredo ; Ruiz, Héctor (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Ortín, Aurora (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: Enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma is a contagious neoplasm of goats for which early antemortem diagnosis remains challenging under field conditions. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of infrared nasal thermography for detecting the disease using histopathology as the reference standard. Eighty-six goats from a dairy herd with confirmed enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma were examined by infrared thermography one day prior to slaughter under standardized environmental conditions. Thermal images of the ethmoidal region were qualitatively assessed for asymmetry or focal hyperthermia. Following slaughter, all heads underwent systematic necropsy and bilateral histopathological examination. Twenty-three goats (26.7%) were histologically confirmed as positive with confirmation by RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction) from tissue samples. Infrared thermography showed a sensitivity of 82.6% and a specificity of 90.5%, with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 88.4%. Positive and negative predictive values were 76.0% and 93.4%, respectively. Agreement between thermography and histopathology was substantial (Cohen’s κ = 0.711; p < 0.001). Although thermography did not achieve the specificity of macroscopic post-mortem examination, its non-invasive and rapid nature supports its potential as a preliminary complementary antemortem screening approach, although its applicability at herd level requires validation in broader and more representative populations.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.3390/vetsci13040389

Año: 2026

Publicado en: Veterinary Sciences 13, 4 (2026), 389 [10 pp.]
ISSN: 2306-7381

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/AR15-23R

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)

Área (Departamento): Área Sanidad Animal (Dpto. Patología Animal)
Área (Departamento): Área Medicina y Cirugía Animal (Dpto. Patología Animal)