Radiotherapy synergizes with an inducible AAV-based immunotherapy platform to program local and systemic antitumor immunity

Marco, Sonia ; Fernández, Myriam ; Honorato, Beatriz ; Juanarena, Nerea ; Sainz, Cristina ; Andueza, Ainhoa ; Gould, David J. ; Anderson, Seth ; de Andrea, Carlos ; Domínguez, Paulo Pérez ; Wong, Paolo ; Vásquez, Carlos ; Narinda, Irene ; Unzu, Carmen ; Isola, Sergio ; Tavira, Beatriz ; Ariz, Mikel ; Camps, Gracián ; Sanmamed, Miguel F. ; Pardo, Julián (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Labiano, Sara ; Alonso, Marta M. ; Marco-Sanz, Javier ; Guruceaga, Elizabeth ; Collantes, María ; Simón, Jon Ander ; Peñuelas, Iván ; Fernández-Irigoyen, Joaquín ; Santamaría, Enrique ; Prieto, Jesús ; Dubrot, Juan

Resumen: Radiotherapy (RT) can prime the immune system against cancer but often fails to generate effective antitumor responses due to concomitant induction of immunosuppressive factors. To overcome this limitation, we built upon the observation that RT enhances adeno-associated vectors (AAVs) tumor transduction through the epigenetic modification of vector episomes. We designed an AAV-based platform to deliver immunostimulatory cytokines through an interferon (IFN)-inducible promoter that allows for spatial control of transgene expression into irradiated tumors. As opposed to a constitutive system, local delivery of a vector encoding for inducible IL-12 (AAV-iIL12) achieves an efficient production of the cytokine without significant toxicity. Combination of RT and AAV-iIL12 generates a highly immunostimulatory tumor microenvironment (TME) leading to robust local and systemic antitumor responses in an IFNγ- and FAS-dependent manner, able to overcome common immune-evasion mechanisms. Our work shows that radiation coupled with AAV-based immune-gene delivery is an efficient and safe approach to treat cancer.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2026.02.013

Año: 2026

Publicado en: CANCER CELL 44 (2026), 17 pp.
ISSN: 1535-6108

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/B29-20R
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/CB21-13-00087
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU-AEI/PID2020-113963RB-I00 Desasignar
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2024-160227OB-I00

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Área Inmunología (Dpto. Microb.Ped.Radio.Sal.Pú.)