Swimming and Peak Bone Mineral Density: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Gómez-Bruton, Alejandro ; Montero-Marín, Jesus ; Gonzalez-Agüero, Alejandro ; Gomez-Cabello, Alba ; García-Campayo, Javier (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Moreno, Luis A. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Casajus, Jose A. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Vicente-Rodriguez, G (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: This meta-analysis aims to determine the effects of regular swimming on bone mineral density (BMD) in young adults (18–30 years). A systematic search was performed in Pubmed, SPORTDiscus and the Cochrane Library from the earliest possible year to March 2016. Swimmers were compared to non-athletic controls (CG) and to high-impact athletes (HIGH). Effect sizes with the Hedges g in random effects models were developed. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analyses. Swimmers presented similar BMD values to CG in whole-body (g = -0.20; P = 0.251), femoral neck (g = -0.05; P = 0.818) and lumbar spine (g = 0.18; P = 0.492); and lower BMD in the whole-body (g = -1.21; P < 0.001), femoral neck (g = -1.51; P < 0.001) and lumbar spine (g = -0.84; P = 0.017) than the HIGH. For the whole-body differences, the higher the latitude the smaller the differences between swimmers and HIGH (B = 0.10; P = 0.001). For the femoral neck differences, age also seemed to reduce the differences between groups (B = 0.19; P = 0.020). Young adult swimmers present similar BMD values than CG and lower values than HIGH.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1307440

Año: 2017

Publicado en: Journal of Sports Sciences 28394711 (2017), 1-13
ISSN: 0264-0414

Factor impacto JCR: 2.733 (2017)

Categ. JCR: SPORT SCIENCES rank: 19 / 81 = 0.235 (2017) - Q1 - T1

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 1.127 - Orthopedics and Sports Medicine (Q1) - Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation (Q1) - Sports Science (Q2)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MEC/BES-2012-051888
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/DEP2011-29093

Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)

Área (Departamento): Área Enfermería (Dpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería)
Área (Departamento): Área Educación Física y Depor. (Dpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería)
Área (Departamento): Area Psiquiatría (Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm.)