A personalized mechanobiology-driven multiscale model of atherosclerosis

Caballero, Ricardo (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Martínez, Miguel Ángel (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Wentzel, Jolanda J. ; Akyildiz, Ali C. ; Peña, Estefanía (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and metabolic disease primarily driven by systemic lipid imbalances, with plaque localization and progression further modulated by local hemodynamic and cellular factors within the arterial wall. Here we present a validation study of a hybrid multiscale model that couples computational fluid dynamics (CFD), mass-transport-driven low-density lipoprotein (LDL) maps, and an agent-based model (ABM) of cell behavior to predict coronary plaque initiation and progression. Validation employed adult minipigs carrying a low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mutation—an established preclinical analogue of human hypercholesterolemia—using longitudinal in vivo imaging data collected within the BIOCCORA study, with 1-year follow-up capturing plaque initiation and evolution. By linking wall shear stress (WSS)-dependent LDL filtration with cytokine-guided smooth muscle cell (SMC) activity, the model mechanistically reconstructs the plaque microenvironment rather than fitting outcomes post hoc. Tested on four imaging-derived porcine coronary arteries tracked over time, the model anticipates where and how fast plaques grow and how lipid pools evolve across cross-sections, showing strong concordance with experiments. These results position hybrid multiscale in silico models as promising predictors for disease progression and could aid in future treatment decision-making.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2026.111715

Año: 2026

Publicado en: Computers in biology and medicine 210 (2026), 111715 [19 pp.]
ISSN: 0010-4825

Financiación: nfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/PID2022-140219OB-I00
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN PRE2020-095671

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)

Área (Departamento): Área Mec.Med.Cont. y Teor.Est. (Dpto. Ingeniería Mecánica)