Cambio climático en España y su influencia en las enfermedades de transmisión vectorial
Iriso Calle, A. ; Bueno Mari, R. ; de las Heras, E. ; Lucientes, J. ; Molina, R.
Resumen: En las últimas décadas se ha producido en España un resurgimiento de algunas enfermedades transmitidas por vectores, que se creían bajo control, y también la aparición de otras nuevas. Asimismo, la llegada de nuevos vectores, su implantación y expansión en algunos casos, está generando nuevos riesgos para la salud pública. Estos fenómenos han estado, en general, asociados a cambios ecológicos y climáticos complejos que han favorecido e incrementado las densidades de los vectores y de sus reservorios, pero en los que también han incidido procesos propiciados o acelerados por el hombre como la globalización, la urbanización, la deforestación y la modificación de los usos del suelo. Los cambios en la distribución de los vectores y en su capacidad para trasmitir patógenos debido al cambio climático van a ser más evidentes en las zonas en las que los vectores se encuentran en el límite de su distribución como es el caso de España. A esto se añade la cercanía de África y la posible entrada de nuevos vectores y patógenos procedentes de este continente. Ante este escenario es preciso establecer programas de acción dirigidos tanto a la identificación de los riesgos y la prevención de las enfermedades vectoriales como a la gestión eficaz de los posibles brotes que se puedan producir en el futuro. Se realiza una revisión en el ámbito nacional de los escenarios que se prevén en relación con el cambio climático y su impacto en la incidencia de enfermedades transmitidas por mosquitos, flebotomos, garrapatas, otros artrópodos y roedores.
In the past few decades Spain has experienced a resurgence of some vector-transmitted diseases which were thought to be under control and the appearance of new ones. Likewise, the arrival of new vectors and, in some cases, their establishment and expansion is creating to new public health risks. In general, these phenomena have been associated with complex ecological and climate-driven changes which have favored and increased the densities of vectors and their reservoirs, but they have also been affected by processes that have been triggered or accelerated by man such as globalization, urban development, deforestation and land-use changes. Changes in the distribution of vectors and their capacity to transmit pathogens owing to climate change will become more evident in areas that lie within their distribution limits, as is Spain''s case. This is compounded by Spain''s proximity to Africa and the potential entry of new vectors and pathogens from this continent. This scenario necessitates setting up action programs aimed at both identifying risks posed by vectors and preventing vector-borne diseases, and efficiently managing possible outbreaks that could occur in the future. We have reviewed the scenarios which Spain is expected to experience in connection with climate change and its impact on the incidence of diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, phlebotomine sand flies, ticks and other arthropods, and rodents.
Idioma: Español
Año: 2017
Publicado en: Revista de salud ambiental 17, 1 (2017), 70-86
ISSN: 1577-9572
Originalmente disponible en: Texto completo de la revista
Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)
You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
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In the past few decades Spain has experienced a resurgence of some vector-transmitted diseases which were thought to be under control and the appearance of new ones. Likewise, the arrival of new vectors and, in some cases, their establishment and expansion is creating to new public health risks. In general, these phenomena have been associated with complex ecological and climate-driven changes which have favored and increased the densities of vectors and their reservoirs, but they have also been affected by processes that have been triggered or accelerated by man such as globalization, urban development, deforestation and land-use changes. Changes in the distribution of vectors and their capacity to transmit pathogens owing to climate change will become more evident in areas that lie within their distribution limits, as is Spain''s case. This is compounded by Spain''s proximity to Africa and the potential entry of new vectors and pathogens from this continent. This scenario necessitates setting up action programs aimed at both identifying risks posed by vectors and preventing vector-borne diseases, and efficiently managing possible outbreaks that could occur in the future. We have reviewed the scenarios which Spain is expected to experience in connection with climate change and its impact on the incidence of diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, phlebotomine sand flies, ticks and other arthropods, and rodents.
Idioma: Español
Año: 2017
Publicado en: Revista de salud ambiental 17, 1 (2017), 70-86
ISSN: 1577-9572
Originalmente disponible en: Texto completo de la revista
Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)
You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. You may not use the material for commercial purposes. Exportado de SIDERAL (2018-04-20-12:21:04)
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Record created 2018-04-20, last modified 2018-04-20