000075638 001__ 75638 000075638 005__ 20200221144239.0 000075638 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1249/01.mss.0000488029.90882.32 000075638 0248_ $$2sideral$$a106186 000075638 037__ $$aART-2016-106186 000075638 041__ $$aeng 000075638 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-0520-1640$$aGomez Bruton, A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000075638 245__ $$aLongitudinal Effects Of Swimming On Bone Mass, Structure And Strength 000075638 260__ $$c2016 000075638 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000075638 5203_ $$aPURPOSE: To investigate the changes over a swimming season in bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone strength and bone structure in adolescent swimmers and compared them to normo-active controls (CG). METHODS: BMD and BMC were measured longitudinally (8 months) by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry at the whole body, lumbar spine and non-dominant hip. Bone strength was measured at the midshaft radius and tibia with peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Swimmers were divided into two groups; swimmers that swam and performed an extra-weight bearing sport (SWI-SPORT; n=11) and swimmers that only swam (SWI; n=23). Both groups were compared between them and to CG (n=28). ANCOVA for repeated measures x 2 (time) were performed between pre- and post-intervention to determine the effects of swimming on BMC and BMD values adjusting by change in height and subtotal lean, initial age and final Tanner stage and calcium intake for DXA values. For pQCT the same analyses were performed adjusting by change in object length, initial age and final Tanner stage. RESULTS: Eight months of swimming training had no effect on BMD or BMC, as no differences were found between SWI-PURE and CG acquisition. Nevertheless, practicing an extra-weight bearing sport in addition to swimming seemed to positively stimulate bone mass acquisition as SWI-SPORT was the only group that improved all measured skeletal sites and also a group by time interaction was found for the trochanter and total hip BMD when comparing SWI-SPORT to CG (p<0.05). Regarding pQCT measures, no group by time interactions were found for the radius. For the tibia, SWI-SPORT presented higher improvements in cortical thickness, resistance to fracture load (X-axis), and polar strain index than CG (all group by time interactions p<0.05). SWI-PURE also presented higher improvements in polar strain index when compared to CG (group by time interaction p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Swimming seems to be a neutral sport to practice regarding BMD and BMC acquisition. Nevertheless, it might entail some minor improvements in bone strength. Practicing a weight bearing sport in addition to swimming improves both bone mass acquisition and bone strength. 000075638 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/DEP2011-29093 000075638 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aAll rights reserved$$uhttp://www.europeana.eu/rights/rr-f/ 000075638 590__ $$a4.141$$b2016 000075638 591__ $$aSPORT SCIENCES$$b6 / 81 = 0.074$$c2016$$dQ1$$eT1 000075638 592__ $$a2.052$$b2016 000075638 593__ $$aOrthopedics and Sports Medicine$$c2016$$dQ1 000075638 593__ $$aSports Science$$c2016$$dQ1 000075638 593__ $$aPhysical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation$$c2016$$dQ1 000075638 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000075638 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-1132-5906$$aGonzalez-Aguero, A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000075638 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-6492-2512$$aGomez-Cabello, A. 000075638 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-0137-9900$$aLozano-Berges, G.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000075638 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-8500-1667$$aMatute-Llorente, A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000075638 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-7215-6931$$aCasajus, J.A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000075638 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-4303-4097$$aVicente-Rodriguez, G.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000075638 7102_ $$11006$$2245$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería$$cÁrea Educación Física y Depor. 000075638 773__ $$g48, 5 (2016), 1007$$pMed. sci. sports exerc.$$tMEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE$$x0195-9131 000075638 8564_ $$s258637$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/75638/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000075638 8564_ $$s134669$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/75638/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000075638 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:75638$$particulos$$pdriver 000075638 951__ $$a2020-02-21-13:21:21 000075638 980__ $$aARTICLE