000089912 001__ 89912 000089912 005__ 20220426091133.0 000089912 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1109/TBME.2020.3004730 000089912 0248_ $$2sideral$$a118377 000089912 037__ $$aART-2020-118377 000089912 041__ $$aeng 000089912 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-1272-0550$$aLázaro, Jesús$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000089912 245__ $$aElectrocardiogram derived respiratory rate using a wearable armband 000089912 260__ $$c2020 000089912 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000089912 5203_ $$aA method for deriving respiratory rate from an armband, which records three-channel electrocardiogram (ECG) using three pairs of dry (no hydrogel) electrodes, is presented. The armband device is especially convenient for long-term (months-years) monitoring because it does not use obstructive leads nor hydrogels/adhesives, which cause skin irritation even after few days. An ECG-derived respiration (EDR) based on respiration-related modulation of QRS slopes and R-wave angle approach was used. Moreover, we modified the EDR algorithm to lower the computational cost. Respiratory rates were estimated with the armband-ECG and the reference plethysmography-based respiration signals from 15 subjects who underwent breathing experiment consisting of five stages of controlled breathing (at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 Hz) and one stage of spontaneous breathing. The respiratory rates from the armband obtained a relative error with respect to the reference (respiratory rate estimated from the plethysmography-based respiration signal) that was not higher than 2.26% in median nor interquartile range (IQR) for all stages of fixed and spontaneous breathing, and not higher than 3.57% in median nor IQR in the case when the low computational cost algorithm was applied. These results demonstrate that respiration-related modulation of the ECG morphology are also present in the armband ECG device. Furthermore, these results suggest that respiration-related modulation can be exploited by the EDR method based on QRS slopes and R-wave angles to obtain respiratory rate, which may have a wide range of applications including monitoring patients with chronic respiratory diseases, epileptic seizures detection, stress assessment, and sleep studies, among others. 000089912 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-FEDER/RTI2018-097723-B-I00$$9This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 745755-WECARMON$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/745755/EU/Wearable Cardiorespiratory Monitor/WECARMON$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA-FSE/T96-BSICoS 000089912 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000089912 590__ $$a4.538$$b2020 000089912 591__ $$aENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL$$b24 / 90 = 0.267$$c2020$$dQ2$$eT1 000089912 592__ $$a1.147$$b2020 000089912 593__ $$aBiomedical Engineering$$c2020$$dQ1 000089912 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion 000089912 700__ $$aReljin, Natasa 000089912 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-3434-9254$$aBailón, Raquel$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000089912 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-7285-0715$$aGil, Eduardo$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000089912 700__ $$aNoh, Yeonsik 000089912 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-8742-0072$$aLaguna, Pablo$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000089912 700__ $$aChon, Ki H. 000089912 7102_ $$15007$$2520$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Informát.Ingenie.Sistms.$$cÁrea Ingen.Sistemas y Automát. 000089912 7102_ $$15008$$2800$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ingeniería Electrón.Com.$$cÁrea Teoría Señal y Comunicac. 000089912 773__ $$g68, 3 (2020), 1056 - 1065$$pIEEE trans. biomed. eng.$$tIEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering$$x0018-9294 000089912 8564_ $$s2075397$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/89912/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint 000089912 8564_ $$s683220$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/89912/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint 000089912 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:89912$$particulos$$pdriver 000089912 951__ $$a2022-04-26-08:52:17 000089912 980__ $$aARTICLE