Tritrophic interactions follow phylogenetic escalation and climatic adaptation
Resumen: One major goal in plant evolutionary ecology is to address how and why tritrophic interactions mediated by phytochemical plant defences vary across species, space, and time. In this study, we tested three classical hypotheses about plant defences: (i) the resource-availability hypothesis, (ii) the altitudinal/elevational gradient hypothesis and (iii) the defence escalation hypothesis. For this purpose, predatory soil nematodes were challenged to hunt for root herbivores based on volatile cues from damaged or intact roots of 18 Alpine Festuca grass species adapted to distinct climatic niches spanning 2000 meters of elevation. We found that adaptation into harsh, nutrient-limited alpine environments coincided with the production of specific blends of volatiles, highly attractive for nematodes. We also found that recently-diverged taxa exposed to herbivores released higher amounts of volatiles than ancestrally-diverged species. Therefore, our model provides evidence that belowground indirect plant defences associated with tritrophic interactions have evolved under two classical hypotheses in plant ecology. While phylogenetic drivers of volatile emissions point to the defence-escalation hypothesis, plant local adaptation of indirect defences is in line with the resource availability hypothesis.
Idioma: Inglés
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59068-2
Año: 2020
Publicado en: Scientific Reports 10, 1 (2020), 2074 [10 pp]
ISSN: 2045-2322

Factor impacto JCR: 4.379 (2020)
Categ. JCR: MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES rank: 17 / 73 = 0.233 (2020) - Q1 - T1
Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 1.24 - Multidisciplinary (Q1)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA-FSE/A01-17
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/CGL2012-39953-C02-01
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/UZ/UZ-SANTANDER
Tipo y forma: Article (Published version)
Área (Departamento): Área Botánica (Dpto. CC.Agrar.y Medio Natural)

Creative Commons You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.


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 Record created 2020-10-23, last modified 2021-09-02


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