Imidazole and imidazolium antibacterial drugs derived from amino acids

Valls, A. ; Andreu, J.J. ; Falomir, E. ; Luis, S.V. ; Atrián-Blasco, E. ; Mitchell, S.G. (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Altava, B.

Resumen: The antibacterial activity of imidazole and imidazolium salts is highly dependent upon their lipophilicity, which can be tuned through the introduction of different hydrophobic substituents on the nitrogen atoms of the imidazole or imidazolium ring of the molecule. Taking this into consideration, we have synthesized and characterized a series of imidazole and imidazolium salts derived from L-valine and L-phenylalanine containing different hydrophobic groups and tested their antibacterial activity against two model bacterial strains, Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive B. subtilis. Importantly, the results demonstrate that the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of these derivatives can be tuned to fall close to the cytotoxicity values in eukaryotic cell lines. The MBC value of one of these compounds toward B. subtilis was found to be lower than the IC50 cytotoxicity value for the control cell line, HEK-293. Furthermore, the aggregation behavior of these compounds has been studied in pure water, in cell culture media, and in mixtures thereof, in order to determine if the compounds formed self-assembled aggregates at their bioactive concentrations with the aim of determining whether the monomeric species were in fact responsible for the observed antibacterial activity. Overall, these results indicate that imidazole and imidazolium compounds derived from L-valine and L-phenylalanine—with different alkyl lengths in the amide substitution—can serve as potent antibacterial agents with low cytotoxicity to human cell lines.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.3390/ph13120482

Año: 2020

Publicado en: Pharmaceuticals 13, 12 (2020), 482 [1-17]
ISSN: 1424-8247

Factor impacto JCR: 5.863 (2020)

Categ. JCR: PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY rank: 38 / 275 = 0.138 (2020) - Q1 - T1
Categ. JCR: CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL rank: 9 / 63 = 0.143 (2020) - Q1 - T1

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 1.294 - Drug Discovery (Q1) - Pharmaceutical Science (Q1) - Molecular Medicine (Q1)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/845427/EU/Peptide-functionalized POMs as biofilm disruption agents: searching for synergy in bactericidal materials/PePiPOM
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2019-109333RB-I00

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)

Área (Departamento): Área Química Orgánica (Dpto. Química Orgánica)